604 PART III. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



is termed a siliqua, (Figs. 407 (7, 342 C) ; in others, it is not much 

 longer, or about as long as it is broad, when it is termed a silicula 

 (Fig. 407 D and E}. The latter is commonly somewhat com- 

 pressed in one direction ; either parallel to the dissepiment, that is 

 to say laterally (Fig. 407 E and E*), so that the dissepiment lies 

 in the direc-tion of the greatest diameter, when it is latiseptal ; or 

 perpendicularly to the dissepiment, that is in the median plane, 

 so that the dissepiment lies in the narrowest diameter, when it is 

 angustiseptal (D and D*). Fruits with only one or a few seeds, and 

 which are indehiscent, are confined to only a few genera, such as 

 Isatis (Fig. 407 F). So likewise is the jointed siliqua, which has 

 transverse dissepiments between the seeds ; when they are ripe it 

 divides transversely into segments, as in Raphanus (Fig. 407 6). 



The seed is exalbuminoiis. The embryo is folded in the seed 

 in various ways ; the radicle may lie in the same plane as one of 

 flat cotyledons (Fig. 407 K), when the cotyledons are said to be 

 incumbent, Notorhizece (the diagram being O ||) ; or the radicle 

 may occupy the same position, the cotyledons being folded (Fig. 

 407 /), when the cotyledons are said to be incumbent and folded, 

 Orthoplocece (diagram of section O ^>) ; or, thirdly, the radicle may 

 be lateral to the two cotyledons (Fig. 407 JET), when the cotyledons 

 are said to be decumbent, Pleurorhizew (diagram O =) : more 

 rarely the cotyledons are spirally rolled so that in a transverse 

 section they are cut through twice, Spiral obece (diagram O || ||) ; 

 or, finally, they may be doubly folded, and be seen four times in 

 a section, Diplocolobece (diagram O || || || ||). The seeds contain 

 much fatty oil. 



Sub-order 1. SILIQUOS.E. Fruit a siliqua, much longer than it is broad. 



Tribe 1. Arabidece. Q Gheiranthus Cheiri, the Wall-flower, and Matthiola 

 annua and incana, the Stocks, are cultivated as garden-plants. Nasturtium 

 qfficinale is the Water-cress. Barbarea vulgaris is the Yellow Rocket. Carda- 

 mine (iucl. Dentaria) also belongs to this tribe. 



Tribe 2. Sitymbriea. OH- Sisymbrium ojficinale, the Hedge-Mustard, is 

 common on rubbish heaps; am Erysimum, the Treacle-Mustard, on walls, etc. 

 Hesperis is the Dame's Violet. 



Tribe 3. Brassicete. Q y/ The species and varieties of Brassica are much 

 cultivated. Brassica oleracea is the Cabbage, with the following varieties; 

 acephala, Scotch kale, Cow-cabbage or Borecole ; bullata, the Savoy-cabbage ; 

 capitata, the red and white Cabbage ; caulorapa, with the stem swollen at the 

 base, is the Kohl-rabi ; Botrytis, with connate fleshy peduncles and abortive 

 flowers, is the Broccoli (asparagoides) and the Cauliflower (caulijlora) ; gemmifera, 

 with numerous lateral leaf-buds, known as Brussels-sprouts. Brassica cam- 

 pc.ftris is the wild Navew ; it includes the following sub-species : Rapa, the 



