608 PART III. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



This tropical order includes the single genus Nepenthes, with about 40 

 species, chiefly inhabiting the Malay Archipelago, but extending to Ceylon, 

 Australia, the Seychelles, and Madagascar: they are mostly climbing shrubs 

 with leaf-tendrils. 



Order 3. DROSERACE.S:. Flowers $, dichlamydeous, generally 

 pentamerous : stamens 5 or 5 n : carpels 2-5 ; ovary usually uni- 

 locnlar with parietal placentae : leaves not pitchered. 



Herbaceous plants, constituting the six genera Dionaea, Aldrovanda, Eoridula, 

 Byblis, Drosera (the Sundew) and Drosophyllum : in Dioneea, Aldrovanda, and 

 Drosophylluoa, the gynaeceum consists of 5 antipetalous carpels, and the ovary 

 is unilocular ; in Drosera and Roridula the gynaeceum is usually trimerous, the 

 ovary unilocular in the former, trilocular in the latter ; in Byblis it is dimerous 

 and bilocular. The leaf -blade of Dionaea (Venus' fly-trap) and of Aldrovanda 

 is sensitive to touch, the two halves closing sharply along the middle line when 

 irritated : the leaves of the other genera are provided with irritable glandular 

 tentacles (see Figs. 42, 43, p. 66). Aldrovanda (A. veslculom) is a rootless, 

 floating water-plant. 



Cohort VI. Guttiferales. Flowers usually cyclic, generally 

 actinom orphic, arid pentamerous : sepals usually free, with 

 imbricate aestivation: stamens usually indefinite: gynseceum 

 syncarpous, ovary uni- or multi-locular : seed exalbuminous. 



Order 1. HYPERiCACE-ffi. Formula usually If5, (75, ^0 + 5 GO, 

 G- } j or AQ + 3^0 , G' Sepals sometimes united at the base : sta- 

 mens usually indefinite and polyadelphous ; 

 when in five bundles, the bundles are super- 

 posed on the petals ; this position of the 

 stamens is generally attributed to the sup- 

 pression of an outer whorl of stamens which 

 is indicated by staminodes in species of all 

 the genera : ovary nni- or multi-locular, or 

 FIG. 411. Diagram of many-chambered ; capsule septicidal ; ovules 

 Hypericum. numerous, anatropous ; placentae parietal or 



axile. Herbs or under-shrubs with decussate entire leaves, which 

 are dotted over with translucent oil-glands ; exstipulate. 



The following are examples of the different relative numbers of staminal 

 bundles and of carpels : 



Staminal bundles 5, carpels 5 : Hypericum calycinum. 



Staminal bundles 3, carpels 3 : H. humifusum, hirsutum, montanum, per- 



foratum, undulatum, barbatum. 



Staminal bundles 5, carpels 3 : H. Androscemum, hircinwn, elatum. 

 Staminal bundles 3, carpels 5 : H. peplidifoUum. 



All these species, except the last (St. John's Worts, or Tutsans), occur wild in 

 Britain. 



