632 PART III. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



Tribe 5. Granatece. Fruit resembling a pome ^ leaves opposite, without oil- 

 glauds. This tribe is sometimes regarded as a distinct order, PUNICACE^. 



Panica Granatum, the Pomegranate, grows in Southern Europe ; flowers 

 5-8-merous ; receptacle petaloid ; stamens indefinite ; in the ovary there are two 

 whorls of loculi, an external superior of which the loculi are as numerous as 

 and are opposite to the petals, and an internal inferior consisting of three loculi. 



Order 5. RHIZOPHORACEJ;. Tropical trees with aerial roots, 

 known as Mangroves : the seed germinates in the fruit whilst it is 

 still attached to the tree; when the projecting radicle has attained 

 a length of one or two feet, either the whole fruit drops off, or only 

 the radicle (incl. hypocotyl) ; in either case the pointed free end 

 of the radicle sticks firmly in the mud on which the Mangroves 

 grow. 



The principal genera are Khizophora, Bruguiera, Carallia. 



Cohort IV. Resales. Flowers actinomorphic or zygomorphic, 

 usually ambisporangiate and perigynous : stamens rarely fewer in 

 number than the petals or equal to them, generally indefinite in 

 numerous whorls : gynseceum more or less completely apocarpous : 

 ovules anatropous, suspended or erecfc : seed generally without 

 endosperm. 



Order 1. ROSACES. Flowers actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic, 

 perigynous : gynaeceum generally apocarpous ; carpels l-oo ; ovules 

 1 or few, anatropous : fruit various ; seed generally without 

 endosperm : leaves scattered, stipulate ; the odd sepal is posterior. 



Tribe 1. Rosece. Carpels numerous, attached to the base and sides of the 

 hollow receptacle, which is narrow above (Fig. 433 0) ; each contains a single 

 suspended ovule ; when ripe, they are achenes enclosed in the fleshy receptacle : 

 the sepals are frequently persistent at the top of it. Shrubs with imparipinnate 

 leaves; the stipules are adnate to the petiole (see Fig. 316j. 



Many species of Kosa, the Eose, are wild, such as R. arvensis, canina, and 

 rubiginosa (Sweet-Briar or Eglantine) ; and many others are cultivated, as R. 

 centifolia, darnascena, indica, galllca, etc. 



Tribe 2. Spiraea. Carpels usually 5, each containing two or more suspended 

 ovules ; they are inserted upon the floor of the flat open receptacle, and become 

 follicles ; the calyx is persistent till the fruit is ripe. 



Spiraea Ulmaria, Meadow-sweet, andS. Filipendula, Dropwort, occur in woods, 

 meadows, etc. ; Sp. sorbifolia, media, ulmifolia, and other species, Kerria 

 japonica, and Rhodotypus (with drupes), are ornamental shrubs. 



Tribe 3. Prunece. The single carpel, containing two suspended ovules, is 

 inserted on the floor of the receptacle (Figs. 433 A and 434 A) ; the receptacle 

 and the calyx fall off when the fruit is ripe : stamens usually in three whorls 

 of 5 or 10 ; fruit a drupe (Fig. 341) ; only one seed is usually present. 



Prunus is the principal genus of the tribe. In the sub-genus Amygdalus the 

 fruit has a furrowed coriaceous endocarp ; Prunus Amygdalus (A. communis), 



