642 



PART III. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



ous: the two median carpels form a usually bilocular ovary which 

 sometimes becomes sub-divided into four loculi : leaves scattered, 

 or opposite decussate exstipulate : the leafy shoots have no ter- 

 minal flower. 



Order 1. LABIATE. Stamens four, didynamous (Fig. 443 5); 

 rarely, as in Salvia and its allies, only the two anterior stamens are 

 developed : the bicarpellary ovary becomes subdivided by spurious 

 dissepiments into four loculi (see Fig. 450 C), which part, as the 



seed ripens, into four 

 nutlets (Fig. 443 C) ; 

 style gynobasic : the 

 ovule in each loculus 

 is solitary and erect: 

 seed without endo- 

 sperm. Herbs with 

 decussate leaves and 

 quadrangular stem. 

 The flowers are dis- 

 posed apparently in 

 whorls round the 

 stem, but the inflor- 



Fm.443. ^Flower of Lamium, side view :fc calyx ;o egcence is in fact 

 upper; u under lip. B Flower of Leouurns opened : o 



upper : u divided under lip ; s lateral lobes of the corolla ; made up of compound 



//short, //long stamens (mag.). C Gynseceum ; n 4- cymes or dichasia, 



lobed ovary; g style (mag.). J . 



termed verticiilasters, 

 developed in the axil of each of the two opposite leaves. 



Tribe 1. Ocimoidece. Stamens 4, descending. 



Oeimum basilicum, the Sweet Basil, from India, and Lavandula, the Laven- 

 der from Southern Europe, are cultivated as pot-herbs : several species of Coleus 

 are cultivated. 



Tribe 2. Menthoidece. Stamens 4, equal, ascending, divergent : corolla 

 almost regular, 4- or 5-lobed. 



Many species of Mentha, Mint, are common. Pogostemon Patchouli yields 

 oil of Patchouli. Lycopus has only 2 fertile stamens, the two posterior ones 

 being abortive. 



Tribe 3. Satureinea. Stamens 4, with broad connective, ascending, either 

 almost equal (Thymus, Origanum), or didynamous and remote at base, con- 

 niving under the upper lip. 



Origanum vulgare is the Wild Marjoram ; the Sweet Marjoram which is cul- 

 tivated is an exotic species. Tliyinus Serpyllum is the wild Thyme ; the garden 

 Thyme is T. vulgaris, from Southern Europe. Satureia hoitensis (exotic) is the 

 Summer Savory. Various species of Calamintha (stamens not divergent) are com- 

 mon, such as C. arvensis, the Common Basil, and C. Clinopodium, the Wild Basil. 



