650 



PART III. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



Sub-order 1. EHRETOIDE^E. Style at the apex of the ovary. 



Heliotropium peruvianum, is a well-known garden plant with fragrant flowers. 



Sub-order 2. BORAGINOIDE^. Style inserted between the four lobes of the 

 ovary (gynobasic). 



Myosotis is the Scorpion-grass ; M. palustris, the Forget-me-not, occurs in 

 damp places, M. sylvatica in woods, and M. arvensis and others in fields. 

 Lithospermum arvense (Gromwell), L. officinale, Echium vulgare (Viper's Bu- 

 gloss), with an irregular flower, Syrnp)iytum officinale, the Comfrey, Lycopsis 

 arvensis (Common Bugloss), Cynoglossum officinale (Hound's-tongue), and Borago 

 officinalis, the Borage, are common. Anchusa officinalis, the Alkanet ; Mertensia 

 inaritima, the smooth Gromwell or Sea-Bugloss ; and Pulmonaria angustifolia, 

 the Lung- wort, are rare in Britain. 



A t 



FiG. 450. A Flower of Anchusa (slightly mag.): 

 fc calyx ; c corolla ; b the scaly appendages. B 

 Fruit of Myosotis (mag.) ; t the receptacle ; m m 

 the four achaenia ; g the gynobasic style. C Dia- 

 gram of the quadrilocular ovary in trans, section : 

 r the dorsal sutures ; pp the placenue; s the ovules 



FIG. 451 . Corolla of Ery- 

 tlnrcea Centaurium spread out : 

 r tube ; s liinb ; a stamens. 



Cohort IY. Gentianales. Flowers regular, zygomorphic in 

 consequence of oligomery in the gynseceum (see Fig. 324) : perianth 

 and androecium usually 4- or 5-merous : corolla with frequently 

 contorted aestivation (to the right) : stamens inserted on the tube 

 of the corolla : carpels two : leaves commonly decussate and exsti- 

 pulate : formula K (5) (C (5) A 5) G. 



Order 1. GENTIANACEVE. Carpels perfectly connate, forming a 

 uni- or incompletely bi-locular ovary : ovules parietal, numerous, 

 anatropous : seed with endosperm. Usually herbs without milky 

 latex : leaves almost always entire. 



Sub-order 1. GENTIANE.E. Leaves decussate : corolla with contorted aesti- 

 vation. 



Gentiana (Fig. 324 E), the Gentian, has a bilobed stigma; it occurs in 

 mountainous districts. Erythraea has a capitate stigma ; E. Centaurium, the 



