656 PAET III. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



Order 3. DIAPENSIACEJ:. Stamens five, inserted in the throat of 

 the corolla: a whorl of antipetalous starainodes sometimes present: 

 anthers opening by oblique longitudinal slits : ovary trilocular. 

 Low-growing evergreen shrubs. 



' Diapensia lapponica is a creeping shrub of the far North : Shortia and 

 Galax grow on the mountains of North America. 



Order 4. PTEOLACEJ;. Sepals more or less distinct : petals com- 

 motily connate at the base only : anthers without appendages, 

 dehiscing generally transversely or by pores : fruit a loculicidal 

 capsule : seed minute, with an extremely small embryo consisting 

 of only a few cells, and a relatively massive integument. Sapro- 

 phytes containing chlorophyll. 



Pyrola rotundifolia, secunda, minor, and uniftora, the Winter-greens, are 

 found in woods. 



The Monotropese are saprophytes devoid of chlorophyll, with scale-like 

 leaves. Monotropa Hypopitys (Hypopitys multifiora}, the Bird's nest, is not 

 very common in England. 



Closely allied with the Pyrolaceae is the order LENNOACE^E, consisting of & 

 few root-parasites destitute of chlorophyll. 



Order 5. YACCINIACBJI. Ovary inferior (Fig. 455 C) : anthers 

 with appendages (Fig. 332 B), usually opening by two pores : 

 fruit a berry. 



Vaccinium Vitis-Idtea is the red Whortleberry or Cowberry ; it usually 

 blossoms and bears fruit twice in the year : V. Myrtillus is the Bilberry, 

 Blaeberry, or Whortleberry, with deciduous leaves : V. Oxycoccos (Oxycoccos 

 paluxtris, or Schollera Oxycoccos) is the Cranberry : and V. uliyinosum, the 

 great Bilberry or Bog-Whortleberry. They are all low shrubs occurring on 



SERIES II. EPIGYN.E. 



Ovary inferior. 

 Cohort I. Cam pan ales. Flowers actinomorphic or zygo- 



morphic, pen tarn erous ; formula If(5) (7(5) ^4(5) G^ } to ^ : 

 leafy and narrow : stamens usually free from the corolla, but 

 often connate : ovary multilocnlar, of two to five carpels, inferior. 

 Order 1. CAMPANITLACE^J. Flowers regular, frequently zygo- 

 morphic in consequence of oligomery in the gynaeceum ; sometime^ 

 actinomorphic (Fig. 312): stamens five, often connate at the base 

 ovary usually trilocular, with numerous ovules ; placentatioti 

 axile fruit a capsule : seed with endosperm. Mostly herbs witt 

 milky latex. 



