DICOTYLEDONES : GAMOPETAL2E. 659 



limb which persists on the top of the fruit ; S. arvensis, the Field Madder, is 

 found in cultivated and waste places. 



Sub-order 2. COFFEES. Stipules scaly: loculi 1-seeded. 



Cqffea arabica, the Coffee-tree of Africa, is grown in the tropics ; the fruit, a 

 berry, contains one or two seeds ; the so-called coffee-bean is the seed, which 

 consists of hard endosperm and contains a small embryo. Cephaelis yields 

 Ipecachuana. 



Sub-order 3. CINCHONE.E. Stipules scaly ; loculi many-seeded. 



Various species of Cinchona, indigenous to the eastern slopes of the Andes, 

 but cultivated in Java and the East Indies, yield the cinchona bark from which 

 Quinine is prepared. Bouvardias are ornamental greenhouse plants from 

 Central America. 



Order 2. CAPRIFOLIACEJ;. Flowers usually pentamerous, actino- 

 morphic or zygom.orph.ic : corolla usually with imbricate aestiva- 

 tion ; gynfleceum 2-5-merous : ovules suspended : fruit baccate ; 

 seed with endosperm: leaves opposite, usually exstipulate. 

 Mostly trees or shrubs. 



FIG. 460. Floral diagram of 

 Caprifoliacese. A Le.ycesteria : 

 a gyiiaeceum of Lonicera ; b of 

 Symphoricarpus. 



FIG. 461. Flower of Lonicera Caprifolium : /ovary; 7c calyx; r corolla-tube; e c the five 

 lobes of the limb ; st stamens ; g style ; n stigma. 



Tribe 1. SamJmcece. Flower regular, sometimes completely actinomorphic, 

 corolla rotate (Fig. 329 C) : one ovule in each loculus. 



Sambucus has a 5-partite corolla, and 3-5 seeds in the berry ; S. nigra is the 

 Elder ; S. Ebulus is the Dwarf Elder or Danewort. Viburnum has a 5-partite 

 corolla, and one seed in the trimerous berry, two carpels being abortive ; V. 

 Lantana and V. Opulus, the Guelder Rose, are common ; a form of the last 

 species is cultivated in which all the flowers (and not merely those at the 

 circumference of the corymb as in the original species) have a large corolla, and 

 are barren ; V. Tinus is the Laurustinus. Adoxa moschatellina, the Moschatel, is a 

 small plant occurring in damp woods ; its flowers are 4- or 5-merous ; it appears 



