INTRODUCTION 15 



suspected of being phases in the life-cycle of higher forms. 

 This mode of procedure is, however, perfectly correct from 

 Saccardo's standpoint, for although the groups enumerated 

 are suspected of being only phases in the life of other 

 fungi, this has been only demonstrated in comparatively 

 few instances. 



Until such evidence is forthcoming it is very important 

 that all such should be described and named. 



Brefeld, Unters. MykoL, 10 (1891). 



Davis, Bot. Gaz., 35, p. 329 and 333. 



De Bary, Ann. Set. Nat., Ser. 4, 20 (1863). 



Dietel, Zeitschr. fur Pflanzenkr., 3, 258 (1893). 



Harper, Ann. Bot., 13, p. 467 (1899). 



Klebs, Pringsh. Jahrb., 33, p. 513 (1899)- 



Meyer, Bot. Ztg., Aug. 1902. 



Woronin and Nawaschin, Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkr., 6, 

 p. 129 (1896). 



Saccardo, Sylloge Fungorum, 16 vols. 1882, still pro- 

 ceeding. 



Ward, Proc. Roy. Soc., 47, p. 393 (1890); Trans. Roy. 

 Soc., 196, p. 29 (1904); Ann. Bot., 2, p. 219 (1889); 

 Disease in Plants, 1901. 



A full bibliography of subjects mentioned in this chapter 

 is. not given, as most are treated in greater detail in follow- 

 ing chapters. 



THE CELL 



The cell-wall in fungi presents many modifications of 

 structure and composition. In the vegetative portions the 

 walls remain very thin, as is also the case with the portion 

 concerned with reproduction in the Agarics and many 



