vi PREFACE 



at the Harvard Medical School, and was published by Messrs. P. Blakiston, 

 Son & Co. in 1896. This edition was essentially a literal translation, to 

 which Dr. Schaper added a chapter on the placenta and membranes; a 

 corresponding chapter was later incorporated in the German Lehrbuch. 

 In the four American editions which followed, Dr. Schaper made a limited 

 number of further additions, and supplied some excellent drawings of his 

 own. 



After the death of Dr. Schaper, Professor Stohr generously consented 

 to allow more extensive modifications, provided that he should not be 

 held responsible for them, as stated in the following note: 



In the new edition of the American translation of my handbook a number of 

 additions and changes have been made by the translator with my permission. 

 It is therefore reasonable that I should not take the same responsibility for the 

 translation as for the text of the German original, and I would ask those of my 

 colleagues who wish to question the correctness of my assertions in their papers, 

 to convince themselves, by making comparisons with my last German edition, 

 that the paragraphs in question were written by me. 



(Signed) PHILIPP STOHR. 



At the suggestion of Professor Minot, the writer undertook to prepare 

 the sixth American edition. Because of the great importance of embryo- 

 logical interpretations in understanding adult tissues, it was decided to 

 arrange the text-book on an embryological basis, but this necessitated more 

 radical changes than were originally contemplated. In . describing the 

 result, Professor Stohr wrote that the character of his book had been com- 

 pletely changed. "With all that has been left out of some parts and 

 added to other parts, it may without exaggeration be said that with the 

 appearance of this sixth American edition my book has ceased to exist 

 in America." 



The writer, therefore, must assume the principal responsibility for 

 the book in its present form. There are certain sections, as those on hair, 

 the eye, and the ear, which are largely literal translations, but elsewhere 

 Stohr's text has been freely paraphrased. Of the 376 figures which illus- 

 trate the 1 5th German edition, 275 will be found in the following pages; 

 220 additional figures have been supplied from other sources, and of these 

 95 are original. Although the changes in the text are relatively greater 

 than in the figures, much of the work is clearly Professor Stohr's, and in 

 order to give full credit for the part which has been retained, this edition 

 is published as of joint authorship. The changes which have been intro- 

 duced are designed to make the text-book more useful in certain American 

 schools where it has been adopted, and the nature of these changes may be 

 explained as follows. 



First, the book has been arranged on an embryological basis and has 



