XX viii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



FIG. PAGE 



139. Crystals of urea 382 



140. Crystals of uric acid 382 



141. Other forms of uric-acid crystals 383 



142. Hippuric-acid crystals 383 



143. Schema representing blood vessels of the kidney ....... 385 



144. Schema representing tubules of the kidney . . . . . . . .385 



145. The nerves of the bladder 392 



146. Portion of the preputial gland of the mouse 394 



147. The normal diurnal variations of temperature in man 399 



148. The elimination of carbon dioxide in man determined every two hours . . 400 



149. The temperature of the body after death 401 



150. Curves of extension and elastic shortening of muscle 412 



151. Apparatus of Blix and Loven for recording the elasticity curve of a muscle . 412 



152. Extension and elasticity curves of the frog's gastrocnemius 413 



153. Fick's apparatus for recording variations in the length and in the tension of a 



muscle . .^ . . , 414 



154. Simple contraction curve of the frog's gastrocnemius 415 



155. Curves illustrating the method of determining the rate of conductivity in the 



sciatic nerve of a frog (from a student's note-book) 417 



156. Schema representing the rheocord of Du Bois-Reymond 418 



157. Nonpolarizable electrodes (courtesy of Prof. W. T. Porter) 419 



158. Induction coil (courtesy of Prof. W. T. Porter) 420 



159. Details of the Wagner hammer, or interrupter of the induction coil . . . 421 

 160. Arrangement of apparatus for sending induction shocks through a muscle (drawn 



for this edition) . . . / 422 



161. Catelectrotonus ...,'. 424 



162. Anelectrotonus . . . 425 



163. Stimulation of a nerve by ascending make and descending break induction 



shocks . 426 



164. Distribution of an electric current in a human arm 427 



165. Entrance into and exit from a nerve of an electric current applied to the skin 



over the nerve . ... 428 



166. Tetanus curve of the frog's gastrocnemius 429 



167. Tetanus curves of the white and red muscles of the rabbit . . . . . 430 



168. Schema representing a rheotome experiment 431 



169. Rheotome of Bernstein . .,-;. 432 



170. Schema representing the spread of an excitation causing an action current . 433 



171. Illustrating the theory of electro tonic currents 433 



172. Relation of work to size of stimulus 435 



173. Isotonic and simple projectile contractions 436 



174. Relation of the form of contraction curve to load 436 



175. Veratrin curve of frog's gastrocnemius 437 



176. Isotonic and isometric contractions 438 



177. Fatigue curves 441 



178. Fatigue curves (courtesy of Prof. F. S. Lee) 442 



179. Ergograph of Mosso 444 



180. Fatigue tracings obtained with Mosso's ergograph 444 



181. Fatigue tracings with different rates of stimulation 445 



182. Arrangement of cold, heat, and pressure spots on the skin of the wrist . . 459 



183. Topographical distribution of cold and heat senses 460 



184. The semicircular canals of the pigeon, laid bare 474 



185. Relation of the planes of the semicircular canals to each other . 475 



