84 THE CHEMISTR Y OF THE TISSUES AND ORGANS. 



and then dried it and extracted it with water. Proteoses and peptone 

 went into solution, the other proteids having been coagulated. It is pro- 

 bable that some of the symptoms which accompany the suppurative pro- 

 cess is produced by the entrance of these substances into the circulation. 1 



There is little to add concerning the other constituents of pus cells. 

 The large increase of fat, lecithin, and cholesterin confirms the fact of 

 fatty degeneration, evident to the microscope ; free fatty acids may even 

 be found in old pus, forming crystalline deposits. 



Glycogen can often be demonstrated in pus corpuscles micro- 

 chemically by the use of iodine ; 2 Salomon 3 separated it from the cells 

 in appreciable quantities. 



Pigments (pyocyanin, pyoxanthose) are frequently found in pus, and 

 are produced by chromogenic bacteria (Fordos, Liicke, Fitz, Kunz, 

 Babes). 4 



The proteids of red marrow cells. In the lymphatic glands and 

 thymus the cells are non-eosinophile ; in the red marrow the cells are 

 mostly eosinophile. Sherrington 5 showed that the eosinophile granules 

 give microchemically the reaction for phosphorus, introduced by Lilienf eld 

 and Monti ; 6 the cells themselves were investigated macrochemically by 

 J. R Forrest. 7 The marrow used was obtained from the interior of 

 rabbits' femora and horses' ribs. 



His results were very like those obtained from other cellular 

 structures. Two proteids only were obtainable in any quantity, these 

 were a cell globulin, coagulating at 47-50, and a nucleo-proteid. The 

 latter contains a high percentage of phosphorus, 8 namely, 1/6. Haemo- 

 globin is present in small quantities, and proteose and peptone are absent. 



Epithelium. Our knowledge of the tissues included under the 

 heading epithelium is principally histological. There is no reason to 

 suppose that the proteid constituents of the protoplasm and nucleus are 

 in any way different from that found in cells generally. 



Mucin is formed in many situations, both in the cells of mucous 

 glands and in goblet cells. It is also the principal constituent of the 

 cementing material between the cells. 



Mucus is the name given to the secretion which owes its sliminess to 

 mucin. Mucus also contains epithelial cells, more or less disintegrated, and a 

 few leucocytes. It has an alkaline reaction, and contains a certain small pro- 

 portion of proteids, extractives, and salts, similar to those of the blood. In 

 some cases, the mucinoid material in secretions is really a nucleo-proteid. 

 Thus, in the bile of some animals like the ox, there is very little true mucin, 

 but the viscidity is almost entirely due to nucleo-proteid ; 9 in human bile, on 

 the other hand, the viscid material is mucin, very little nucleo-proteid being 



1 Ott and Collmar, Journ. PhysioL, Cambridge and London, vol. viii. p. 218 ; Krebl 

 and Matthes, Deutxches Arch. f. klin. Med., Leipzig, 1896, Bd. liv. S. 501 ; Arch. f. exper. 

 Path. u. PharmaTcol., Leipzig, 1896, Bd. xxxvi. S. 437. 



2 Ranvier, Programed., Paris, 1877, p. 422. 



3 Deutsche, med. Wchnschr., Leipzig, 1877, No. 35. 



4 Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc., Paris, 1860, tome li. p. 215; Arch. f. klin. Chir., 

 Berlin, 1862, Bd. iii. S. 125 ; Quart. Journ. Mic.r. Sc., London, Jan. 1880, p. 106 ; 

 Monatsh. d. Chem., Wien, Bd. ix. S. 361 ; Compt. rend. Soc. de biol., Paris, 1889, 

 p. 438. 



5 Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 1894, Bd. Iv. p. 161. 



6 Ztschr.f. physiol. Chem., Strassburg, 1893, Bd. xvii. S. 410. 



7 Journ. PhysioL, Cambridge and London, 1894, vol. xvii. p. 174. 



8 Halliburton, ibid., 1895, vol. xviii. p. 307. 



Paijkull, Ztschr. f. physiol. Chem., Strassburg, Bd. xii. S. 196. 



