THE CRANIAL NERVES. 461 



or superior maxillary ; and the third, or inferior maxillary divisions 

 of the trigeminus. 



The ophthalmic division passes through the sphenoidal fissure into 

 the orbit of the eye, where it gives filaments to the ophthalmic ganglion 

 and to the eyeball ; a nasal branch, supplying the integument and 

 mucous membrane of the inner part of the eye, the mucous membrane 

 of the middle and inferior nasal passages, and the integument of the 

 root, wing, and tip of the nose ; and a branch to the lachrymal gland 

 and the integument of the upper eyelid and adjacent region. It then 

 emerges from the orbit by the supra-orbital notch, and is distributed 

 to the skin of the forehead and side of the head, as far back as the 

 vertex. 



The superior maxillary division passes through the foramen rotun- 

 dum into the spheno-maxillary fossa, where it u-ives a sensitive branch 

 to the spheno-palatine ganglion of the sympathetic, thence through the 

 longitudinal canal in the floor of the orbit, where it trives off a branch 

 running upward and outward to the skin of the malar and temporal 

 regions, and numerous descending branches to the teeth, gums, and 

 adjacent mucous membrane of the upper jaw, and to that of the inferior 

 nasal passages. It then emerges upon the face by the infra-orbital 

 foramen, and is distributed to the integument of the lower eyelid and 

 the side of the nose, and to the skin and mucous membrane of the 

 upper lip. 



The inferior maxillary division leaves the anterior border of the 

 Gasserian ganglion at a different angle from the two others, passing 

 almost vertically downward through the foramen ovale. This division 

 receives all the fibres of the motor root, which become more intimately 

 united with it during its passage through the base of the skull. While 

 the two other divisions of the fifth nerve are therefore exclusively sen- 

 sitive, t-he inferior maxillary division is a mixed nerve, containing both 

 motor and sensitive fibres. 



After supplying one or two filaments to the otic ganglion of the 

 sympathetic, and while passing down toward the inferior dental canal, 

 it gives off two sensitive branches, namely. 1st. the buccal (Fig. 123, b) 

 to the mucous membrane of the cheek, and the skin and mucous mem- 

 brane of the lips: and 2d. the auriculo-temporal branch (at), which 

 turns backward and upward, to be distributed to the integument of 

 the anterior wall of the external auditory meatus, the anterior part 

 of the external ear, and the adjacent temporal region. From this 

 branch a twig of considerable size (f) turns forward to join the facial 

 nerve, communicating to its branches in front of this point a percep- 

 tible degree of sensibility. 



Another sensitive branch of this portion of the nerve is the lingual 

 (I), which sends filaments to the submaxillary gland, the sympathetic 

 submaxillary ganglion, and adjacent mucous membrane of the mouth, 

 and is mainly distributed to the mucous membrane and papilla? of the 

 tip, edges, and surface of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The 



