132 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 



similar morbid productions exist in internal organs, especially in 

 the lungs. 



" It is by viewing the question from this elevated point of view, 

 by studying it in all its ensemble, that you will be best enabled to 

 comprehend it in its details ; and these cannot be understood by the 

 special methods of examination which have been so much recom- 

 mended of late years. 



" The tubercularization of internal organs exhibits in its develop- 

 ment the same phenomena as tubercles which are outwardly situ- 

 ated there is no pain, and nothing of mechanical derangement. 



" The existence of tubercles in the lungs is so frequent, that I 

 must admit that they are present in all scrofulous persons. You 

 know that all, or almost all, patients, who have pulmonary tuber- 

 cles, are, or have been at some time, affected with tubercles in the 

 neck ; the majority have had during infancy this external sign of 

 scrofula ; while others have had it at a later period of life. I be- 

 lieve that pulmonary tubercles frequently exist in early youth ; but it 

 is chiefly about the age of puberty that they are apt to be developed." 



A person in this city informs me that he has derived great benefit 

 for a seated cough by breathing through an ivory tube with a 

 small aperture at the end to allow the air to pass through slowly, 

 that the lungs may become expanded and exercised. 



Says Lawrence on Man : " The accumulation of numbers in 

 large cities, the noxious effects of impure air, sedentary habits, and 

 unwholesome employments ; the excesses in diet, the luxurious 

 food, the heating drinks, the monstrous mixtures, and the pernicious 

 seasonings, which stimulate and oppress the organs, the unnatural 

 activity of the great cerebral circulation, excited by the double im- 

 pulse of our luxurious habits and undue mental exertions, of the 

 violent passions which agitate and exhaust us, the anxiety, chagrin, 

 and vexation, from which few entirely escape, and then re-acting 

 on and disturbing the whole frame ; the delicacy and sensibility to 

 external influences, caused by our heated rooms, warm clothing, 

 inactivity, and other indulgences, are so many fatal proofs that our 

 most grievous ills are our own work, and might be obviated by a 

 more simple and uniform way of life. Our associates of the animal 

 kingdom do not escape the influence of such causes. The moun- 

 tain shepherd and his dog are equally hardy, and form an instruc- 

 tive contrast with a nervous and hysterical fine lady, and her lap- 

 dog ; the extreme point of degeneracy and imbecility of which 

 each race is susceptible." 



