the seed and takes up little room, while at the same time 

 its antiseptic and preservative qualities are enormous. 



Planting out. 



When the ground has been prepared as described above, 

 by plowing or digging, it maybe planted (1) with seed, 

 (2) with seedlings, (3) with strong rursery plants. The 

 first method is the cheapest, but it is the most uncertain. 

 The third method is the dearest but the most certain. The 

 second method shares the advantages and disadvantages of 

 both, and is chiefly recommended in climates like the Cape 

 Peninsula where the short wet season is barely long enough 

 for in situ sowings to become established. 



SEED. Seed may be sown, as indicated above, broad- 

 cast, in drills, or in patches 3 ft. or 4 ft. apart. Sowing 

 in patches or drills economises seed and facilitates weeding, 

 but it takes more labour than sowing broadcast and 

 harrowing. As a rule, only Pines and Wattles and Cape 

 Cedar are sown direct. 



SEEDLINGS. Sow in tins or beds from Spring to about 

 Christmas ; shade and water, as may be necessary, till 

 Autumn. Then harden off by removing all shade and 

 giving only enough water to keep the young trees alive. 

 Prick out (in the ground where they are to remain) during 

 rainy w eather ; one or more in each patch or pit. The 

 best way to plant out seedlings is to make a clean cut with 

 a spade, slip in the seedlings, 3 to each cut, and press the 

 cut together with the foot. Seedlings cost less than nursery 

 plants, since there is no handling in the nursery : and being 

 smaller they are easier to transport. But their roots are 

 weak and poor compared to those of a nursery tree once or 

 twice transplanted ; so that they develop less quickly and 

 require more careful weeding and tending than nursery 

 transplants. When seedlings are planted in rows and have 

 their tap roots cut they become nearly as good as 

 transplants. 



| ^NURSERY TRANSPLANTS. This is the common method 

 for nearly all trees. It is the easiest and most certain of 

 success, but being the most costly it should not be adopted 



