70 CATALOG OP PLANTS. 



abundant in places on the Lake Huron shore in Lambton County, 

 Ontario, where also the sea-side reed is noticed, as far as Port Franks. 

 Artemisia caudata and Oenothera biennis often occur as beach plants, 

 but these are also found on dunes and flat sandy land. Salix longifolia, 

 S. glcmcophylla and shrubs of Populus halsamifera and Cottonwood 

 frecjuently spring up on the beach, but usually only above the wave line. 



PLANTS OF THE DUNES. 



As has been intimated, the dunes of this region, even the largest and 

 most massive, have almost without exception a fairly good plant 

 covering on sides and crest. The vegetation consists of trees, shrubs 

 and herbaceous plants, but varies somewhat in density. This plant 

 covering, although not so pronounced at first, generally begins at the 

 upper beach and near the foot of the first shoreward dune, and continues 

 on the sides, crests, and between the ridges, if sandy ground prevails, to 

 the farthest outer dune. In the opinion of the writer the dunes of 

 this region are not large or high enough to make it of value or im- 

 portance to undertake to distinguish differences in the plant covering 

 on sides and crest. Species and their relative abundance vary from 

 point to point between Bay port and Point aux Barques, and from the 

 beach to the last outer sand ridges. 



At Sand Point the dunes are not large or very high. On the north 

 side the first dune is fringed with an abundance of choke cherry, 

 Amelanchier canadensis, A. rotundifolia , and A. spicata, the last being 

 common on other ridges a,nd flat sandy land, and very noticeable on 

 account of the large, sweet, juicy and palatable berries. The dominant 

 trees at Sand Point are scarlet oak and red oak, with jack pine prevailing 

 in places and scattered throughout the upper end. White pine is 

 frequent, but usually small and formerly much more plentiful. Good 

 specimens of red pine are scattering. On the flat sandy land of the 

 eastern half, the dominant trees are red oak, yellow-barked oak and 

 white oak, consisting mostly of small trees. Small white pines pre- 

 vail in spots and are scattered throughout the sand district. Near 

 Caseville, west of Port Austin and at Port Crescent, the jack pine is 

 very common, seldom large, usually scraggy, and apparently of little 

 value. It should be noted that along these dunes the jack pine reaches 

 its extreme southern limit on this side of the state. Here also the 

 red pine, found on the sides and crests of dunes and on flat sandy land, 

 altho not abundant anywhere, finds nearly its southern limit for this 

 region, the exception being a small amount on sandy ground near Port 

 Huron and along the sandy shore of Lake Huron, where it is abundant 

 near Port Franks in Lambton County , "Ontario. The dominant shrubs are 

 the ])lack huckleberry and low SAveet blueberry, the latter often den.sely 



