82 LAMENESS IN THE HOUSE. 



6. Diseases of joiuts, as upward luxation of the patella, 

 iijflammatiou of the hip aud stifle joints. 



7. Painful conditions of tendon sheaths, as that of the 

 flexor pedis perforans on the inner surface of the hock joint, 

 or perforatus on the os calcis. As long as this condition is 

 acute and painful it causes an apparently spasmodic and 

 frequently repeated flexion of all joints, the hoof often being 

 raised as high as the hock. Disease of the lower tendon 

 sheaths produces an upright fetlock. 



8. Painful states of bones, as fracture of the trochanter 

 of the femur, fracture of the pelvis in front of the acetabulum, 

 in periostitis and fissures of the tibia. 



9. Painful diseases in the neighborhood of the upper 

 thigh, as in inguinal hernia, scirrhous cord, swollen inguinal 

 glands. 



Swinging-leg lameness, with irregular action of the limb, 

 is present in : 



1. Excessive flexion of all joints, as in stringhalt ; spavin 

 and painful conditions of the skin about the phalanges, as in 

 grease or injuries to the anterior portion of the coronet ; in 

 the latter the excessive flexion soon disappears after a few 

 steps have been taken. The stifle joint is continually flexed 

 in inflammation of the stifle and paralysis of the tibial 

 nerve. 



2. Upward luxation of the patella, which is followed by 

 excessive extension of all joints. 



Swinging-leg lameness, with abnormal motion of some 

 joints, is present in : 



1. Hip joint. Excessive flexion, as in spavin. 



2. Stifle joint. Excessive flexion of this joint, with 

 extreme extension of the hock joint, is seen in rupture of 

 the tendinous part of the flexor metatarsi. Occasionally 



