IN THE KEGION OF THE FEMORO-TIBIAL ARTICULATION. 101 



united, these layers are attached close to the posterior 

 portion of the superior articular face of the tibia. The 

 cru(dal ligaments runbetween the tibial spine and the femoral 

 condyles. The superior synovial membrane, strengthened 

 by the femoro-patellar capsule, facilitates the gliding of the 

 patella. The two lateral synovial membranes facilitate the 

 gliding of the articular surfaces of the femur and tibia. The 

 external synovial membrane also lines the tendon of the 

 popliteus muscle, and its expansion descends into the anterior 

 groove of the tibia, enveloping the tendon of the extensor 

 pedis and flexor metatarsi. The two lateral femoro-patellar 

 synovial ligaments lie against that of the femoro-patellar 

 articulation, and not infrequently communicate with it. 

 (Chauveau.) 



1. — Acute Inflammation of the Stifle Joint. 



History. — Lameness following external violence and 

 wounds, etc. 



Inspection. — Severe supporting and swinging-leg lameness 

 are evident. The animal carefully avoids any movements, 

 and Uie whole leg is kept flexed. A diffuse swelling around 

 the stifle, and in case of a wound purulent synovia will be 

 seen to flow from it. 



Palpation. — Great pain on palpation, with hot swelling 

 in the region of the patella. (See fig. 14). 



2. — Chronic Inflammation of the Stifle Joint. 



History. — Gradually developed lameness in draught 

 horses exposed to heavy and fast work. 



Inspection. — In the earlier stages of the disease lameness 

 often escapes notice, especially when both stifle joints are 

 affected. Swinging-leg lameness, with retarded movement 



