1 6 DOMESTICATED ANIMALS AND PLANTS 



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Improvement sometimes slight. In a few cases this improv( 

 ment is far less pronounced than in others. For example, the 

 best wild strawberries and blackberries are undoubtedly equal in 

 flavor to the cultivated, though far inferior in productiveness 

 and in size. The Catawba grape was found wild in North Caro- 

 lina, practically identical with its present form, but it was the 

 only vine of its kind. 



The fur-bearing animals, like most kinds of fish, have never 

 been domesticated ; indeed, it is an open question if man could 

 maintain artificial conditions that would preserve in captivity the 

 same quality of fur attained in the wild state. 



Domestication a gradual process. Civilization has developed 

 not from one but from many centers, and many animals and 

 plants have been domesticated, not once, but many times. 

 Every " woods boy " has had his pet " coon " or crow, and 

 every savage tribe its horde of dogs, each going to the wild 

 for what it wanted. 



Some parts of the world were ahead of others in the process 

 of civilization and also in the business of domestication. While 

 our own ancestors were chasing the Auroch ^ in the wilds of 

 central Europe in Caesar's time or hunting the wild boar^ in 

 the jungles of Germany, Asia had developed races and civiliza- 

 tions that had risen, run their courses, disappeared, and been 

 forgotten, giving place to others. There, then, was probably the 

 earliest domestication. Asia is our largest continental area, with 

 the greatest diversity in soil, climate, and exposure. It is there- 

 fore richest in both animal and plant varieties, as it is oldest in 

 civilization ; and we are not surprised to learn that many of oiir 

 most useful species were here domesticated so long ago that it is 

 impossible to say when, how, or by whom it was accomplished. 



Later than all this, however, and contemporaneous with the 

 culture that belonged to Greece and the glory that was Rome's, • 

 the Indian of our own country was as wild as the buffalo and 



1 The probable progenitor of most European breeds of cattle. 



2 The wild parent of certain European breeds of pig. 



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