28o DOMESTICATED ANIMALS AND PLANTS 



the wild raspberry of his locahty." ^ By 1867, however, the red 

 varieties had increased to six, the black caps had been intro- 

 duced under eleven varieties, one of which was an albino, and a 

 series of purple varieties numbering five had come into favor. 



The black cap has always been the American favorite among 

 raspberries, and it is right that the name of the man to whom 

 we owe its introduction should become a household word wherever 

 the raspberry is eaten. Ic was Nicholas Longworth^ of Cincin- 

 nati, who, as Professor Bailey puts it, was ''the same prophetic 

 spirit that put American grape growing on its feet." The first 

 of these black- cap varieties was the Everbearing, which, by 

 Mr. Longworth's account, he " found" in Ohio in full fruit and 

 brought it into his garden, where it supplied his table " from 

 the beginning of June until frost." 



The story of the raspberry is a story for the poetic historian, 

 as it is also for the student of natural history and the farmer ; 

 indeed, the story of the civilization of any great fruit or food crop 

 is a chapter in the history of creation that any man may be 

 proud to write and grateful to read. The temptation to dwell on 

 fascinating details is almost overpowering, there is so much of 

 human life and divine inspiration in it all ; but it is quite aside 

 from the present purpose, which is only to give a hasty outline 

 sketch supplementary to the chief purpose in hand. 



The blackberry. This close relative of the raspberry is not 

 cultivated in the Old World, and nothing in the genus Riibtis is 

 mentioned by Candolle. The blackberry grows wild in Europe, 

 but, like our huckleberry, has never been considered as a candi- 

 date for cultivation. 



It gave much trouble in America before it would yield to the 

 blandishments of the cultivator. Though flourishing remarkably 

 in the wild over nearly all the eastern United States both north 

 and south, it has been so shy of civilization that Professor Card 

 has called it the "gypsy of the fruits," a name it undoubtedly 



1 " Evolution of our Native Fruits," pp. 287-289. 



'^ The great-grandfather of the present Congressman Longworth. 



J 



