SPECIAL SCALE OF POINTS 311 



SCALE OF POINTS FOR HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN COWS 



Points 



Head, decidedly feminine in appearance ; fine in contour 2 



Forehead, broad between the eyes, dishing 2 



Face, of medium length ; clean and trim, especially under the eyes, showing facial 



veins ; the bridge of the nose straight ; the muzzle broad 2 



Muzzle, broad with strong lips i 



Ears, of medium size, and fine texture ; the hair plentiful and soft ; the secretions 



oily and abundant i 



Eyes, large, full, mild, bright 2 



Horns, small, tapering finely towards the tips, set moderately narrow at base, oval, 



inclining forward, well bent inward, of fine texture, in appearance waxy ... i 



Neck, long, fine and clean at juncture with the head, free from dewlap, evenly 



and smoothly joined to shoulders 4 



Shoulders, slightly lower than hips, fine and even over tops, moderately broad and 



full at sides 3 



Chest, of moderate depth and lowness, smooth and moderately full in the brisket, 



full in the fore flanks (or through the heart) 6 



Crops, moderately full 2 



Chine, straight, broadly developed, open 6 



Barrel, wedge-shaped, well rounded, with a large abdomen, trimly held up (in 



judging the last item age must be considered) 7 



Loin and hops, broad, level or nearly level between the hook bones, level and 

 strong laterally, spreading from chine broadly and nearly level, with hook 

 bones fairly prominent 6 



Rump, long and high, broad with roomy pelvis, nearly level laterally, compar- 

 atively full above the thurl 6 



Thurl, high, broad 3 



Quarters, deep, straight behind, roomy in the twist, wide and moderately full at 



the sides 4 



Flanks, deep, comparatively full 2 



Legs, comparatively short, clean and nearly straight, wide apart and firmly and 



squarely set under the body ; feet of medium size, round, solid, and deep . . 4 



Tail, large at base, the setting well back, tapering finely to switch, the end of the 

 bone reaching to hocks or below ; the switch full 2 



Hair and handling, hair healthful in appearance, fine, soft, and furry ; the skin of 

 medium thickness and loose, mellow under the hand ; the secretions oily, 

 abundant, and of a rich brown or yellow color 8 



Mammary veins, very large, very crooked (age must be taken into consideration in 

 judging of size and crookedness), entering very large or numerous orifices, 

 double extension, with special developments such as branches, connections, etc. 10 



Udder, very capacious, very flexible ; quarters even ; nearly filling the space in the 

 rear below the twist, extending well forward in front, broad and well held up ; 

 teats well formed, wide apart, plumb, and of convenient size 12 



Teats 2 



Escutcheon, largest, finest a 



Perfection 100 



