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seeds of noxious plants ripen, by pasturing them, 
once in tree years, by sheep, horses and cattle, in 
succession; by harrowing them in the spring and 
fall; by weeding and hoeing them; and lastly, by 
sufficiently draining those that are wet. 
Many pernicious plants are annuals, and are killed 
by the first of these operations: A similar effect is 
produced by the second ; the harrow or scarifica- 
tor, will best destroy mosses or other weeds, whose 
roots are fibrous and superficial ; the hand-hoe will 
extirpate such tap-rooted plants as resist the harrow, 
and are refused by cattle, and draining will expel all 
worthless aquatics, 
Of these remedies, the last may require some ex- 
planation. Meadows are wet from different causes ; 
from obstructions [accidental or permanent] to the 
course of rivers; from occasional inundations; from 
high and uncommon tides; from neighboring springs 
issuing sometimes above and sometimes below the 
level of the grounds you wish to drain, and frequent- 
ly from others rismg up within the meadows them- 
selves, Inthe first case, the remedy is obvious, and 
consists altogether in removing the obstructions ; in 
the second and third, embankments, as in the Missis- 
sippi and Delaware, will exclude the flood; and in 
the fourth and fifth, the cure lies in creating a sur- 
face of lower level than that of the meadows to be 
drained, or, in raising the water to a level above that 
of the meadows, and carrying it off by race-ways or 
canals, The former of these methods is to be exe- 
cuted by ditching, or by digging through the sub-soil 
into sand or gravel, whence the water will find a sub- 
