( M3 ) 
ence on the health and prosperity of plants. If this 
be rock, or what is called hard pan, (whatever be the 
surface,) the tree and its fruits are much deteriora- 
ted—nor will the remedy, sometimes resorted to, of | 
cutting off the pivot or plunging-root, and leaving the 
tree to subsist by those which are merely lateral, be 
sufficient. It may palliate, but it does not cure. 
2d. Next to soil, exposition is most important. In 
this climate, northern and western expositions are 
bad, because the tree has least tine for vegeta- 
tion—because its juices are less concocted, and be- 
cause it is itself most exposed to the action of high 
winds. These remarks will sufficiently indicate why 
eastern and southern expositions are favorable, and 
ought to be preferred. But the rule these facts sug- 
gest cannot be made absolute, since many persons 
occupy only the northern and western sides of hills. 
In these situations, therefore, the course most appro- 
ved by theory and experience is, to plant only trees 
which are late in forming or maturing their fruit. . 
3d. The preparation of the soil is not to be neg- 
lected, and any summer crop in rows and well culti- 
vated forms a good one. With these remarks we re- 
iurn to our general head of planting. 
The form in which your trees stand, is not matter 
of indifference. The Quincunx is recommended, as 
giving to them that position which is relatively best ; 
but the Caize (straight lines intersecting each other) 
better admitting the movements of the plough, is 
generally preferred. Whichever of the two be adopt- 
ed, the holes indicated in a former part of this sec- 
tion, must be made accordingly, and ought to be six 
