80 



FAMILY PARRID^l. 



Toes enormously long. 



GENUS HYDRALECTOR. General aspect that of a rail. Toes armed 

 with straight spur-like claws, the hind toe very long, with a claw 

 exceeding it in length. 



599. H. gallinaceilS, Temm. (Parra gallinacea), Comb-crested Jacana 

 (Parra). 



Red helmet ; under surface pale orange, with broad blue-black 

 band across its middle. 



Total length, 9 in. ; culmen, with frontal lappet, 1 '8 in. ; wing, 

 5'6 in. ; tail, 1'6 in. ; tarsus, 24 in. ; middle toe and claw, 3 '6 in. 

 Hab. : 2, 3. 



FAMILY OH ARADRIID^E. 



Nostrils schizorhinal ; tarsus usually reticulated, sometimes scutellated. 



SUB-FAMILY 



Nasal groove not extended beyond half length of culmen ; tarsus reticu- 

 lated on hinder aspect, transversely scaled in front ; toes without 

 any connecting web ; no dertrum or marked swelling of bill at tips 

 of mandibles. 



GKNUS AREN ARIA. Has the cleft toes of the Snipes, and the same 

 position of nasal aperture as the Plovers. 



600. A. interprCS, Linn. (Strepsilas interpres), Turnstone. 



Chest black ; abdomen white ; has a dark rump between a white 

 lower back and white upper tail coverts. 

 Hab. : 1 to 6, 9. 



SUB-FAMILY HJEMATOPODIN^E. 



Nasal groove not extended beyond half length of culmen ; tarsus reticulated 

 on both front and hinder aspect ; no dertrum or marked swelling of 

 bill at tips of mandibles. 



GENUS BuEMATOPUS. Bill thin, wedge-shaped, ending in a vertical 

 edge; anterior toes are short, thick, edged with callosities, the outer 

 toe joined at base to middle one by a web ; hind toe wanting. 



601. H. loilgirOStris, Vieill., White-breasted Oyster-catcher. 



Abdomen, rump, upper and under tail coverts and base of tail 

 pure white ; iris crimson. 



Total length, 19 '5 in. ; bill, 375 in. ; wing, 11 in. ; tarsus, 2 in. 

 Hab. : 1 to 6, 8, 9. 



602. II. II 11 i color, Wagler (including H. ophthalmicus, Castelnau and 



Ramsay), Sooty Oyster -catcher. 



Entire plumage sooty-black ; bill orange-yellow. 

 Hab. : 1 to 6, 9. 



SUB-FAMILY LOBIVANELLIN^E. 



Nasal groove not extended beyond half length of culmen. Tarsus reticu- 

 lated on hinder aspect, but scaly in front. Bill with dertrum 

 always more or less conspicuous. 



GENUS ERYTHROG ON YS. Dertrum scarcely evident. 



603. E. cinctUS, Gld. , Red-kneed Dottrel. 



Thigh, knee, and for quarter-inch down tarsus pink-red, re- 

 mainder of tarsus and toes bluish-lead. 



