1903 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



377 



a true statement of fact, why should he not 

 have notified Mr. Routzahn at the end of 30 

 daj's, instead of offering', weeks afterward, 

 the complaint that the queens were worth- 

 less, and therefore he would not pay for 

 them? The monej' order was returned al- 

 most immediatel}'. At thai time Mr. Hayes 

 had no means of knowing ivhether they were 



ber, in a rather warm temperature, the 

 comb will mold. Indeed, I have had speci- 

 mens of it mold when confined in an ordi- 

 nary paper box. 



Pickled brood is not to be particularly 

 feared. The disease will linger in a hive 

 for some time. It does not spread from 

 colony to colony, but will occasionally break 



A TYPICAL SPECIMEN OF COMB AFFECTED WITH PICKLED BROOD. 



drone-layers or not; and the excuse ofiFered 

 for not paying- does not seem valid if we are 

 correctly informed of the facts. 



We notified Mr. Hayes about a month 

 ago that we would place the facts of the 

 correspondence before our readers, and that 

 if he had any thing further to offer to let us 

 hear from him; but to this we have had no 

 reply. The rule is, if queens are defective 

 give due notice of the fact within ten days 

 in the case of untested queens, and thirty 

 in the case of tested. 



PICKLED BROOD ; HOW TO DISTINGUISH IT 

 FROM BLACK AND FOUL BROOD. 



Some time ago Dr. Wm. R. Howard, the 

 expert who diagnosed and named pickled 

 brood and black brood, sent a photo of a 

 f lir sample of the first mentioned. We 

 have had the same reproduced in half-tone 

 because we consider it a typical specimen 

 of a comb diseased or affected with the 

 white mold or pickled brood. 



In some of the stages, pickled brood much 

 resembles black brood. It is not ropy, like 

 foul brood, nor does it have the characteris- 

 tic foul odor so much resembling that of the 

 cabinet maker's glue-pot. Like black brood 

 it is not gluey, and the dead larva turns to 

 yellow, then to a dark brown, and some- 

 times to a black. The dead matter in black 

 brood is of a jelly-like consistency — only 

 very slightly ropy; that in pickled brood, 

 very watery and thin. In some of the stages 

 I have not been able to detect the differ- 

 ence between black and pickled brood; but 

 when a comb containing dead larva' is cov- 

 ered with a white mold, then I am very 

 sure it is pickled brood. If a comb thus 

 diseased is placed in a sterilized cham- 



out from season to season in the same hive. 

 Shaking the bees on frames of foundation 

 will effect a cure. And that leads me to 

 say that, ij you are at all in doubt, this 

 same treatment is a cure for black and foul 

 brood. Better err on the safe side. 



A NEW HIVE WITH CLOSED -END FRAMES. 



A BOOKLET entitled " The Queen-bee and 

 the Palace she should Occupy," by T. K. 

 Massie, Tophet, W, Va., is just out. While 

 the book relates to queen-rearing, it seems 

 to be more a description of the hive used 

 and recommended by Mr. Massie — a double- 

 brood-chamber cubical hive, using closed- 

 end frames 1% inches deep. In many re- 

 spects it is similar to the Danzenbaker, 

 which seems to have suggested some features 

 of this. It makes use of plain sections and 

 fences, and tall sections, sealed covers, and 

 a telescoping cap. Closed-end frames are 

 close-fitting, and supported by nails in or- 

 dinary hive-rabbets. This style of frame I 

 found in use by J. Y. Tunicliff, in New 

 York, in 1890. I was greatly pleased with 

 it at the time, and started to introduce it. 

 It was illustrated, and still shows in our A 

 B C book, in the late editions. After trying 

 it for a season in several hives I abandoned 

 it for the Hoffman because I found that a 

 close fitting closed-end frame in a deep 

 brood-chamber was liable to cause trouble 

 by swelling, thus making the frames so 

 they could not be removed. A close-fitting 

 frame, however, might be made to worlc 

 provided it were loose enough. There should 

 be a play of fully {\r inch. 



Such a frame was in use before Mr. Tun- 

 icliff tried it — I think by Mr. Ouinby him- 

 self. 



