194 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY III. 



rather small, and hence different from one another. The ventral ridge of the body i3 

 flat. The scales have many narrow, radiating furrows upon the anterior field, and arc 

 more deeply marked, in a straight line, across the lateral fields, or limiting the lateral 

 and posterior fields, hardly any upon the anterior field, the waving of the broader 

 concentric ridges producing only a radiated appearance upan that field. Tube of the 

 lateral line straight and simple, arising in advance of the centre of radiation, which is 

 seated in the centre of form of the scales." (AGASSIZ, Am. Journ. So. Arts, 1855, p. 189.) 



CARPIODES Giinther, 1868. " Distinguished from Sclerognatlius (i. e. Bubaliclithys and 

 Ichthy obus) by its very thiu, compressed pharyngeal bones, which are armed with a 

 comb-like series of nearly equally minute compressed teeth." (GuNTiiER, Cat. Fishes 

 Bi it. Hits, vii, p. 24.) 



CAIJPIODES Cope-& Jordan, 1877. "Body oblong oval, compressed; dorsal elongate, 

 elevated in front, of 20 or more rays ; fontanelle present ; pharyngeal bones narrow, 

 with the teeth relatively thin and weak ; mouth small, inferior, protractile down- 

 wards." (JORDAN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phila. 1877, p. 82.) 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF CARPIODES. 



* Dorsal fin with the anterior rays very much elevated and attenuated, equalling or 



more usually exceeding the length of the base of the fin. 

 t Muzzle very abruptly obtuse, almost vertically truncate in front. 



a. Muzzle exceedingly blunt, so that the anterior edge of the mandible is in line 

 with the anterior rim of the orbit, and the maxillary reaches to the anterior 

 edge of the pupil : anterior suborbital deeper than long : head 4% in length : 

 eye quite large, 3 to 4 in head : body arched, the depth somewhat less than 

 half the length : first ray of dorsal nearer muzzle than base of caudal : 

 scales 6-35-4 : D. 24, A. 8, V. 9 DIFFORMIS, 43. 



aa. Muzzle notably blunt, but less so than in the preceding : anterior edge of the 

 mandible in advance of the orbit, and the maxillary just reaching the line 

 of the lower rirn of the orbit: anterior suborbital bone deeper than long 

 (longer than deep, "selene"*): head 4 times in length: eye smallish, 4| in 

 head: body arched, the depth about 2-J in length: anterior rays of dorsal 

 about midway between snout and base of caudal : scales 7-37-5 : D. 26, A. 



8, V. 10 CUTISANSERINTJS, 44. 



ti Muzzle conic, projecting, obtusely pointed : end of the mandible reaching to oppo- 

 site nostrils: anterior suborbital as deep as long: head 3f in length: eye 

 moderate, 4 to 4 in length of head : body arched above, the depth 2 to 2| 

 in length : first ray of dorsal nearer muzzle than base of caudal : scales 7- 



37-5: D. 26 or 27 ("22", Cope) ...VELIFER, 45. 



** Dorsal fin with the anterior rays more or less shortened, their length one-half to 

 two-thirds that of the base of the fin : muzzle more oriiess conic and pro- 

 jecting. 



6. Head long, contained about 3 times in length to base of caudal : muzzle elon- 

 gate-conic, so that the eye is nearly median, the middle of the length of the 

 head falling in front of its posterior margin : body not much arched ; depth 

 3 in length : anterior rays of dorsal pretty high, not much shorter than the 

 base of the fin, not thickened at base: lips well developed: eye large, 4| in 

 head: scales 7-40-5 : D. 27, A. 7, V. 10 BISON, 46. 



