94 NATURAL HISTORY OF ARCTIC AMERICA. 



56. Mergus serrator, Linne". 



"Pye," or "Pajk," Cumberland Eskimo and Greenlanders. 



A regular breeder in Cumberland, but not very common. Nests on 

 the perpendicular faces of high cliffs. Found on the Greenland coast 

 to 73 ~N. lat. at least, and probably farther. Begins nesting in Cumber- 

 laud about July 1. 



57. Sula bassana, Briss. 



Noticed at different times from Beaver Island, Nova Scotia, to lat. 

 65 N., most numerously in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the South 

 Labrador coast. Not observed in Cumberland. 



58. Graculus carbo, Linne". 



"Okaitsok," Cumberland Eskimo and Greenlanders. 



A regular breeder in Cumberland ; did not appear to be common, but 

 the Eskimo say that some years they are quite plenty. The primaries 

 were formerly in great demand for their arrows. 



59. Buphagus skua, (Briinn.) Coues. 



" Sea-lien" of whalemen. 



One specimen procured at sea, lat. 41 N., long. 68 W., Atlantic Ocean. 

 Others were seen at the time. Appears to be of frequent occurrence on 

 the George's, Newfoundland, and Nova Scotian banks in winter. Seen 

 near Lady Franklin Island, north of Hudson's Straits, in September j 

 they then had young ones on the rocks. 



60. Stercorarius pomatorhinus, (Temm.) Vieill. 



"Ishungak," Cumberland Eskimo and Greenlanders. 



These birds were first observed at Bonne Bay, Newfoundland, Au- 

 gust 16. From this point northward to 71 N. they were common at 

 nearly all points, and from Belle Isle to Hudson's Straits they were 

 abundant. They nest about Nugumeute and Grinnell Bay, but not in 

 Cumberland Sound. On the western shore of Davis Straits they are 

 common, and nest at the mouth of Exeter Sound and at Shaumeer. I 

 have, however, nowhere found them so very common as on the southern 

 shores of Disko Island; at Laxbught and Fortuna Bay there must have 

 been many hundred pairs nesting. Their breeding-place was an inac- 

 cessible cliff, about half a mile from the seashore. The greater number 

 of the birds nesting here were in the plumage described in Dr. Coues's 

 monograph of the Larida 1 , as the nearly adult plumage ; but there were 

 also a good many birds that were unicolored blackish brown all over, 

 but with the long vertically twisted tail-feathers. That these were breed- 

 ing I think there can be no doubt, as I saw them carrying food up to 



