TRANSACTIONS OF WAGNER 

 760 



TERTIARY FAUNA OK FLORIDA 



Spondylus longitudinalis Lam., An. s. \'ert., vi., p. 191, 1819; (Chemn., vii., p. Si, 



pi. 45, fig. 466;) Reeve, pi. 13, fig. 46, 1856. 

 Spondylus spat hull ferns Lam., op. cit., p. 191 ; (Enc. Mcth., pi. 191, figs. 4, 6, 7 ;) Dall, 



Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 37, p. 32, 1889. 

 Spondylus crassisqitaina Lam., op. cit., p. 191, ex partc. 

 Spondylus arachnoides Lam., op. cit., p. 188. 

 Spondylus longispina Lam., op. cit., p. 189. 

 Spondylus avicularis Lam., op. cit., p. 190. 

 Spondylus gih'iis Reeve, Conch. Icon., pi. 11, fig. 38, 1856. 

 Spondylus frinaii-iis Reeve, op. fit., fig. 39. 

 Spondylus iftcrifiis Reeve, op. cit., fig. 40. 

 Spondylus ramosus Reeve, op. cit., pi. 14, fig. 51. 

 Spondylus imbiitus Reeve, op. cit., pi. 15, fig. 55. 

 Spondylus itstitlatits Reeve, op. cit., pi. 16, fig. 58. 

 Spondyhis iicxillum Reeve, op. cit., pi. 16, fig. 59. 

 Spondylus mix Reeve, op. cit., pi. 18, fig. 64, 1856. 

 Spondyhis di^itatits Reeve, op. cit., fig. 68. 

 Spondylus cfhinatus Orbigny, Moll. Cuba, ii., p. 359, 1846. 

 Spondylus folia-h'assicce Orbigny, op. cit., p. 358, 1846. 



Fossil in the Pleistocene elevated reefs of the West Indian Islands and of 

 the continent from southeastern Florida to Brazil ; and recent over the same 

 general region, extending as far north as Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. 



This species has the irregularities of sculpture due to, or usually asso- 

 ciated with, the sessile habit, and the mutations of color characteristic of 

 many Pectinidas. To these and to the exigencies of trade imposed by dealers 

 upon Reeve is due the multiplication of merely nominal species indicated in 

 the preceding synonymy. 



The normal or most ordinary type of sculpture comprises from four 

 to eight radial ridges from which project spines, either narrow and almost 

 pointed, or wide and crumpled or digitate, separated by wider interspaces with 

 smaller, sometimes spinulose, radii, to which is added a series of still finer 

 threads, chiefly indicated by rows of small, short scales. By the continuity 

 and regularity of the radial lines the species is separated from the otherwise 

 quite similar S. gcedcropus Linne of the Mediterranean. Specimens which 

 have been cleaned with acid have usually lost the tertiary rows of minute 

 scales, but they seem to be absent naturally from some specimens which have 

 only two series of radials, the secondary ones but little spiny, and the spines 

 comparatively sparse, long, and narrow on the primary ribs. This type forms 

 the variety aincncamis. The sculpture on the fixed valve is more foliaceous 



