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TERTIARY FAUNA OF FLORIDA 



Crassatella ftoridana Dall, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., xii., p. 256, pi. vi., fig. 12, 1886 (young 



shell) ; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 37, p. 48, pi. vi., fig. 12; pi. xlii., fig. 4 (adult), 



1889. 



Upper Miocene of North Carolina at Wilmington and the Natural Well, 

 Duplin County; also in the artesian well at Galveston, Texas, at a depth of 

 2158 to 2920 feet below the surface (Singley). 



Pliocene of the Waccamaw beds in South Carolina and of the Caloosa- 

 hatchie marl on Alligator Creek, near Charlotte Harbor, Florida ; recent from 

 the vicinity of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, south to Barbados. 



C. floridana was originally described from a very young shell. The receipt 

 of adult specimens leaves no doubt of its identity with the South Carolinian 

 fossil. It is stated by Ridewood that the animal of this species has a large 

 saltatory foot and peculiarities of the gills not shared by the typical Asiatic 

 species. This would seem to sustain the validity of the section. 



The other West Indian species, C. antillarum Reeve, has not been found on 

 the coast of the United States and appears to be extremely rare in the Antilles. 

 No trace of it has yet occurred among fossils, and I have sometimes doubted 

 whether the accepted locality, Margarita Island, is correct. The other species 

 once referred to this region, C. restrains Lamarck, is stated by the elder 

 Sowerby to be a native of New Holland. 



Venus virginica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., vi., p. 3294, No. 137 (after Lister, pi. 

 cccxc., fig. 229, from Virginia), is a Crassatellites, but does not agree very well 

 with any of the recent or fossil American species, being nearest some of the 

 shorter and rounder varieties of C. undulatus. It was probably based on an 

 exotic shell with a wrong locality label. 



Subgenus CRASSINELLA Guppy. 



Crassinella Guppy, Geol. Mag., Oct., 1874, p. 451. Types C. pacifica Adams and C. mar- 



tinicensis Orbigny. 

 Thetis (sp.) C. B. Adams, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., ii., p. 9, Jan., 1845; not Thetis 



Sowerby, 1826. 



Gouldia (sp.) C. B. Adams, Cat. of Shells in (his) Collection, p. 29, note, Jan., 1847. 

 Eriphyla Dall, P. Z. S., 1879, P- I3 2 5 n t of Gabb, 1864. 



Pseuderiphyla Fischer, Man. de Conchyl., p. 1022, 1887. Type C. martinicensis Orbigny. 

 Crassinella Dall, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix., No. mo, p. 326, 1896. 

 Not Crassinella Bayle, Expl. carte geol. de France, 1879. 



The earliest members of this group so far reported from the Tertiary of 

 the United States are C. minor Lea (as Astarte} from the Lisbon horizon and 

 the Claiborne sands, and C. pygmaa Conrad (as Gouldia, Am. Journ. Conch., 



