TRANSACTIONS OF WAGNER FREE INSTITUTE 

 1620 



TERTIARY FAUNA OF FLORIDA 



I have similarly used Conrad's checklists and included some but not all of late additions 

 to these faunas. 



In the cases of the Croatan and Waccamaw beds, the figures under Column A are 

 taken from the Pleistocene of the Carolinas and not from that of North Creek, Florida. 

 To emphasize this distinction the figures are enclosed in parentheses. The total number 

 of species considered in these statistics is about three thousand one hundred and sixty-two. 



Several of the localities have been very imperfectly explored, such as Pascagoula, 

 the Orbitolite bed, Jacksonboro', White Beach, and the Ocala limestone; but a fair 

 number being known, it is probable that the percentages derived from it are not far 

 wrong. I should mention here one factor which makes for usefulness in the figures of 

 the table. Nearly all the collections were made by one man, faithful and devoted to his 

 work, and whose instructions were to be as thorough as possible and take all the time 

 needed. Under these circumstances it is believed that the results are more comparable 

 than those depending on a number of different collectors varying in energy, persistence, 

 and experience. 



EXPLANATION OF TABLE II. 



This table is intended to present graphically, from a calculation of percentages, the 

 gradual rise, culmination, and decrease of the chief faunas of the Florida series. One 

 exception is made by introducing the Duplin Miocene to take the place of the estuarine 

 Pascagoula, which may perhaps have been contemporaneous with it but is not strictly 

 comparable with a series of marine faunas. The arrangement is essentially as in Table 

 I., but the completely filled black square represents one hundred per cent., and the lesser 

 stripes of black represent the minor percentages as closely as the size of the diagram 

 would permit. In one or two cases the fauna was really continuous, but not wholly 

 continuous in exactly the same locality; so to the black stripe indicating the percentage 

 of local continuity dotted lines are added showing the total continuity. The most marked 

 feature of the indications of the table is the concentration and isolation of most of the 

 faunas. Only in a few instances, and these at the most recent end of the table, do we 

 find any gradual merging of one fauna into another. The most marked and sudden 

 break in the whole table is naturally that which ends the Oak Grove and begins the 

 Chesapeake, which in this case means exclusively the Floridian Miocene. Yet even in 

 the subdivisions of the Oligocene the faunas show in each case where thorough collec- 

 tions have been made about fifty per cent, of species peculiar to each. This is a strong 

 argument in favor of the hypothesis that many other phases, zones, or beds with inter- 

 mediate faunas remain to be discovered and exploited. 



