52 TEANSACTIOXS. 



The " Economy of Agriculture," if duly studied, will guide a man 

 in the^ investment of money, or credit, in the purchase of land which 

 it is proposed to work — in the locating and constructing of the build- 

 ings thereon, or if they are already erected, in rendering them con- 

 venient and suitable in every respect to compass the end for which 

 they were built — in fencing — in stocking, if a grazing farm, whether 

 with sheep, or some other animals — if cows, in selecting with reference 

 both to the quantity and quality of milk produced ; so of sheep, with 

 reference to the fleece — if a grain farm, in the selection of all the farm 

 implements, — teams for work, whether horses or oxen — grain to be 

 used for seed, — the right time to plough, the depth, the number of 

 times, what manures, or other stimulants, shall be employed, how 

 much, when, and how, — when to sow, how to cultivate and shield 

 and preserve from the destructive ravages of insects, — when to har- 

 vest, as well as how, — when to market, as well as where, by whom 

 and to whom; — so, also, with regard to the products of the dairy, if a 

 dairy farm — or the fruit, if raised in abundance, — and so of every 

 thing, whether bought or sold — be able to nick the time, and never 

 have occasion to say, had this, that, or the other thing been known, a 

 better crop might have been produced, — -or a better breed of cattle 

 purchased, for stock raising, — or a better method of fattening animals 

 employed, — or, when fattened, a better time for selling for the sham- 

 bles, selected. These are a few of the ntimerous topics of which the 

 " Economy of Agriculture " should take cognizance. 



By it a man should determine whether, in the selection of a farm, it 

 will be better for him to purchase a grain farm, or a grass farm. If, 

 in the light of Economy, he shall determine on a grazing farm, some 

 of the inquiries which immediately present themselves, are, How to 

 produce the greatest and best amount of grass — How to obtain such 

 cows as shall, from the consumption of a given amount of grass, pro- 

 duce the greatest and best quantity of milk for butter, or cheese, — 

 whether it is better to sell the milk, or convert it into butter, or 

 cheese, — or whether it be better to do all at different periods during 

 the season, — the end in view, always being to secure the greatest div- 

 idend for the money and labor invested — whether it will be better to 

 soil the cows, or turn them into the lot to feed upon the grass them- 

 selves — whether it will be better to raise the calves, or send them to 

 the butcher as soon as they are old enough for the market. 



Every farmer needs to know, in order to derive the greatest gain 

 from keeping stock of any kind he may choose, how to select with 



