CHEESE. 109 



cream is lifted off in n sheet, without remixing finy part -with the milk below. 

 With this api^aratus I have instituted a series of experiments, and as a mean of 

 twelve successive ones, I obtained the following results: — 4. gallons of milk, 

 treated as above, produced, in 24 hours, 4 1-2 pints of clotted cream, which, 

 after churning only fifteen minutes, gave 40 ounces of butter ; 4 gallons of milk 

 treated in the common mode in earthenwai-e pans, and standing 48 hours, pro- 

 duced 4 pints of cream, which, after churning 19 minutes, gave 36 ounces of 

 butter. The increase in the quantity of cream, therefore, is 12 1-2 per cent, 

 and of butter upwards of 11 per cent. The experimental farmer will instantly 

 perceive the advantages accruing from its adoption, and probably his attention 

 to the subject may produce greater results. I shall feel riclily rewarded if, by 

 excitmg an interest on the subject, I can produce any, the slightest improve- 

 ment, in the quality or mode of producing an article which may properly be 

 deemed one of the necessaries of life." 



REPORT ON CHEESE. 



BY GEOr.GE E. FISHER. 



That your Committee might be the better qualified to discharge 

 the duty assigned them, they were led to a brief examination of the 

 article of cheese. 



I. Etymologicalhj. They found the occurrence of the word 

 " cheese," in at least eleven different languages. They found, more- 

 over, that the primary signification of the term is to curdle or congeal, 

 from collecting, drawing, or driving. Cheese, therefore, is the more 

 thick or coagulable part of milk, called curd, separated from the more 

 thin or watery part, called whey, by a process of which the sequel 

 will speak, and pressed into a hoop or mould. 



II. We looked into the subject, liistorically . And we found that 

 cheese is " nothing new under the sun ;" that it has a history, and a 

 history, too, that carries us back to the days when the world was 

 young. David, the son of Jesse, carried ten cheeses to the captain of 

 his brethren, when he, a mere stripling, went out, single-handed, to 

 fight the great Philistine, and lay his pride in the dust. More than 

 three thousand years ago, Job said, " Hast thou not poured me out 

 like milk, and curdled me like cheese ?" — indicating, thus, his knowl- 

 edge of the article as then existing. Frequent mention is also made 

 of it in old Latin authors. In coming to their work, your Committee 



