107 



or create, worms, and because its causes large bulbs, rather 

 impeding the growth of the turnip, causing it to be coarse- 

 grained, and imparting to it a strong flavor. 



In ploughing land, new or old, for the growth of turnips, 

 but little danger need be apprehended in ploughing it too deep, 

 especially if the sub-soil be loamy. But, though an advocata 

 of deep tillage, discretion, of course, must be used, if other 

 crops are to be grown in the same soil. 



Turnips may be sown as early in the spring as they can be 

 got into the ground, without any risk of having them destroyed 

 by frost. Sowing some seed early in April, which germinated 

 finely, snow fell upon them to the depth of three inches, some 

 of it remaining two or three days — the ground also being 

 frozen, forming a crust half an inch in thickness, without ma- 

 terially injuring them. 



Plants may be started in hot-beds, and transplanted at the 

 time of sowing seed in April ; but particular care must be 

 used in having them acclimated, or but little, if anything, will 

 be gained in forwarding. If they are forced beyond their nat- 

 ural growth, by the use of manure, large shoots will appear, 

 growing to the height of two or three feet, when buds, blos- 

 soms and seeds will appear, defeating the object of early en- 

 larging the bottoms. In the culture of turnips upon land that 

 is doubtful as to producing them free from worm, much may 

 be gained by removing the surface soil from about the roots, 

 so that the turnip may be formed above ground, which is not 

 an unnatural position. 



plants may be safely thinned, generally, when the rough 

 leaf appears. The crop should be kept free from weeds, per- 

 haps until the first of July, when they may be suffered to grow 

 without injury, as seven- eighths of the crop will be removed 

 during the month ; but should be pulled or cut, and carried 

 off, or burnt upon the soil, and not ploughed under — as all 

 substances undergoing decomposition, not intended for plant 

 food, should be kept from a pure soil. 



Por the last two or three years, the maggot has more or less 



