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not many feet above high water mark, is diversified by two or 

 three gravelly knolls, rising to the height of about thirty feet, 

 and occupying nearly seven acres of land. 



The soil under cultivation is, therefore, mostly strong clayey 

 loam, with a heavy clay subsoil. The gravelly knolls to which 

 I have referred furnish, from one to five feet below their sur- 

 face, beds of the finest beach sand. The fai"m is abundantly 

 supplied with deposits of muck. It is well watered both by 

 brooks and small ponds. The natural growth of wood is the 

 Red Cedar in the pastures ; the Walnut, Red Oak, Elm, 

 Swamp Maple, and a few Pines, both hard and soft, growing 

 upon the lower lands. 



When I took possession of the farih, five years ago, I found 

 it in a somewhat dilapidated condition. The buildings were 

 out of repair, the orchards were decayed, and the fields were, 

 most of them, under poor cultivation. The year previous, the 

 crop of hay was about 150 tons of English and salt hay ; 100 

 bushels of corn, 55 bushels of barley, 650 bushels of carrots 

 and mangel wurzels, about 90 bushels of potatoes, 175 barrels 

 of apples, and a few bushels of rye. The stock on the farm 

 consisted of 46 cows, 12 yearling heifers, 2 hogs, S horses, 4 

 oxen and 1 bull. The drainage of the farm had been, for 

 years, wholly sui'face drainage, ditches varying in depth from 

 one to three feet, and beds laid up with the plough. All the 

 clayey land on the farm was drained in this manner. 



The labor which has been done on the farm, imder my direc- 

 tion, has been devoted to thorough drainage, the restoring of 

 the orchards, the cultivation of grass, grain and root crops, the 

 breeding of cattle, horses, hogs and poultry, and the sale of 

 milk. 



DRAINAGE. 



Into considerable of my heavy land I have introduced 



thorough drainage with tiles. In a former report upon this 



subject, I laid before the Society the plans, method and cost of 



draining 5| acres of very stiff and unmanageable clay, liable 



15 



