43 ESSEX SOCIETY. 



From several years' experience in raising beans, I gather these 

 facts : That land for beans should be fall -fallowed or planted 

 with some other crop previously ; that the manure should be 

 broad-cast, the land planted in drills with intervals of three feet, 

 the stalks four inches apart in drills, and the beans pulled and 

 stacked before fully ripe, as first mentioned. 



The whole cost of raising the crop this year on the eight acres, 

 was as follows : 

 Ploughing, ...... 



Manure and muck, and preparing the same. 

 Planting, ....... 



Hoeing and cultivating, .... 



Pulling and threshing, .... 



Seed, ........ 



Product — 57 bushels of beans, at $2, 

 2 tons of straw at 8, 



$130 

 Topsjield, September 30th, 1846. 



Fruit Trees. 



No pear trees were exhibited to your Committee for premium. 

 In all the nurseries visited, the young seedling pears had evi- 

 dently suffered from the effects of the preceding winter, and 

 nearly all of them, as is almost uniformly the case with young 

 seedling pears, from the middle of August to the middle of Sep- 

 tember, had dropped the quarter part of their leaves. The cause 

 of this disease, for such it must be, appears unknown; whatever 

 it may be, it is a serious evil, injuring the growth of the tree 

 and diminishing its thriftiness, and, besides, as the bark will not 

 readily peel on a tree thus deprived of its leaves, frequently ren- 

 dering it necessary to bud them at too early a period of the sea- 

 son. The discovery of the cause of this disease in pear trees. 



