72 



These four trees, with the oaks and pine, must continue to be in- 

 dispensablj necessary for the manufacture of chairs, tables, bod- 

 steads, and other kinds of furniture. 



For implements of husbandry, the ashes and hickories, the lever 

 wood, the hornbeam and the oaks, must always be wanting. The 

 carriagemaker and Avagonbuilder will want ash for springs and 

 frames, oak for spokes and shafts, elm for hubs, and white wood 

 or bass for pannels. The basketmaker will want young white 

 oaks, ash and willow ; the planemaker, beech ; the lastmaker, 

 maple ; the pumpmaker, oak and pitchpine ; the bucketmaker, 

 white and red cedar. 



The tanner will continue to want the bark of the black, the 

 white, and the chestnut oak, the hemlock and the birch ; in regard 

 to all which there has hitherto been great wastefulness. And the 

 dyer will want quercitron, sumach, bayberry root, in addition to 

 foreign stuffs, for some of which he might substitute the bark of 

 alder, birch, and some other native trees. 



Many acres now under cultivation, and poorly re 



paying the labor spent on them, might be advantageously sown or 



planted with pines Several oaks, birches and pines 



are often found growing_among rocks, where no soil can be seen. 

 The rock chestnut oak, the black birch, the red cedar, and the 



hackmatack, rejoice in such situations Of sedgy marsh 



and swamp, too wet and cold to be cultivated, without extensive 

 and costly draining, many acres, in the eastern part of the State, 

 have been sown, by a natural process, with the seeds of the white 

 cedar. The seeds, when shed, float upon the water, and are car- 

 ried by spring tides and freshets, and left upon the surface of the 

 ground. In the summer, they spring up in countless multitudes. 

 What has been done, in these instances, by nature, in- 

 dicate the process by which similar grounds may be reduced or 

 restored to the condition of forest. 



Much is to be done for the improvement of the woodlands now 

 existing. In some cases, they are managed with great care. 

 The best means of thinning, pruning and felling are studied and 

 practised. But, in many cases, indeed in most instances, they are 



left in utter neglect The principle on which thinning 



and pruning should be conducted, is a very plain and intelligible 

 one. It is that every tree and branch should be allowed to have 



