ii.] QUALITIES. 123 



and advocate of religious liberty, a free-trader 

 when the world was protectionist, and an op- 

 ponent of unrighteous war when war was most 

 popular. lie was for mitigating our criminal 

 code when hanging was regarded as the sheet- 

 anchor, and, in a word, was politically and 

 socially a very independent spirit." 3. "My 

 father [an exceedingly humane and courageous 

 man, who was a master in the Koyal Navy] 

 would never, unless compelled, attend the flog- 

 ging of seamen, a punishment mercilessly and 

 unsparingly administered in his days (1800- 

 1815)." 4. "It was marked in my father; he 

 held Jacobite opinions, when it was not very 

 safe to hold them." 5. "Maintenance by my 

 father of religious and political creeds at a time 

 when these creeds were unpopular and often 

 disqualifying/' 



In confirmation of the assertion that the scien- 

 tific men were usually brought up in families 

 characterized by independence of disposition, I 

 would refer to the strange variety of small and 

 unfashionable religious sects to which they or 

 their parents belonged. We all " know that 



