70 



CALIFORNIA STATE COMMISSION OF HORTICULTURE. 



Family Lemoniidse. Butterflies belonging to this family are mostly 

 confined to the new world, and largely to the tropical sections. Its 

 distinguishing features are that the males have but four walking feet, 



B 



FIG. 60. Kalliina inachis. A, upper surface; B, with wings closed, showing 

 resemblance to a leaf. 



while the females have six, and the antennae are longer than in the 

 first-named family. They are usually small insects, but are very 

 brightly colored. 



The family Lycsenidse is a very large one of mostly small butterflies, 

 and contains some of the most beautiful members of the order. Blue 

 in various shades is a common color. In this family the males have 

 four and the females six walking feet. 



Family Papilionidse (Swallow-tails). In this family both sexes have 

 six feet, and in it we find some of the largest and most striking forms 

 in our State. One of the most common and showy of this family in 



our State is Papilio tur- 

 nus, the large yellow 

 swallow-tail, with a 

 sprea d of wings over four 

 inches. (See colored 

 Plate I.) The ground 

 color of its wings is 

 bright yellow, crossed 

 with broad dashes and 

 streaks of black, with 

 black border, inclosing 

 crescent-shaped mark- 

 ings. Near the tips of the hinder wings are bright purple and yellow 

 marks, which add to the beauty of this grand insect. 



A second group of this family is the Pierinse, which include the well- 

 known cabbage-butterfly (Pieris rapse). This is one of the worst pests 



FIG. 61. Large white cabbage butterfly (Pieris brassicse). 



