ADAPTIVE COLORATION 



195 



cisely the same position as a leaf, this insect certainly deceives experi- 

 enced entomologists and presumably eludes birds and other enemies by 

 means of its deceptive coloration. 



Some of the tropical Phasmidae counterfeit sticks, green leaves, or 

 dead leaves with minute accuracy. Our common phasmids, Diaphero- 



FlG. 243. Manomera blatchleyi, on a twig. 

 Natural size. 



FIG. 244. Catocala lacrymosa; A, upper sur- 

 face; B, with wings closed, and resting on bark. 

 Reduced. 



mera femorata and Manomera blatchleyi (Fig. 243), are well known as 

 "stick insects;" indeed, it is not necessary to go beyond the temperate 

 zone to find plenty of examples of protective resemblance. Geometrid 

 caterpillars imitate twigs, holding the body stiffly from a branch and 

 frequently reproducing the form and coloration of a twig with striking 

 exactitude; and the moths of the same family are often colored like the 

 bark against which they spread their wings. Even more perfectly do the 

 Catocala moths resemble the bark upon which they rest (Fig. 244), with 

 their conspicuous and usually showy hind wings concealed under the pro- 



