ILL USTRA T10NS xxi 



FIGURE PAGE 



40. Lima squamosus 51 



41. Antler of Cervulus (?) dicranoceras 53 



42. Antler of Cervus pardinensis - JJ3L 



43. Antler of the Fallow Deer (Cervus dama) 53 



44. Zoe'a of the common crab (Cancer irroratus) 56 



45. Profile of head of Chamceleon Oweni ; male 60 



46. Female of the same species 60 



47. Profile of a spider (Ccerostris mitralis) on a twig mimicking a 



spiny excrescence 61 



48. The larva of the Early Thorn Moth (Selenia illunarid) resting 



on a twig ; showing mimicry of stem and spiniform processes 61 



49. Australian Pipe-fish (Phyllopteryx eques) and frond of sea-weed 



in lower right-hand corner; showing mimicry 62 



50. Allorchestes armatus, a spiny amphipod from Lake Titicaca; 



female 65 



51. Acontaspis hastata, a radiolarian ; showing multiplication of 



spines by repetition 69 



52. Strophalosia keokuk, an attached brachiopod; showing the spines 



extending from the ventral valve to and along the surface of 

 attachment 69 



53. A gastropod shell (Platyceras) to which are attached a number 



of Strophalosia keokuk 69 



54. The spiny Cytlsus (C. spinosus); showing suppression of 



branches into spines 75 



55. A single leaf of Tragacanth (Astragalus Tragacantha), from 



which the three upper leaflets have fallen 75 



56. Leaf axis of the same, from which all the leaflets have fallen . . 75 



57. Twig of common locust (Robinia Pseudacacia) ; showing spines 



representing stipules 75 



58. Portion of skin of Python ; showing the spurs which represent 



the suppressed or vestigial hind legs 76 



59. Bones of suppressed legs of Python 76 



60. Dorsal view of Spirifer mucronatus ; Devonian ; showing spini- 



form cardinal angles 78 



61. Illcenus (Octillcenus) Hisingeri, Ordovician, Bohemia; a trilobite; 



showing spiniform pleural extremities of first thoracic 

 segment 79 



62. Cheirurus insignis, Silurian, Bohemia ; pygidium and six 



thoracic segments 79 



63. Deiphon Forbesi, Silurian, Bohemia ; entire specimen; showing 



spiniform pleura of segments corresponding in direction to 

 those of the pygidium 79 



64. Lichas scabra, Silurian, Bohemia ; pygidium, with three thoracic 



segments ; showing spiniform ends of pleura 79 



