15 



As I have already said anatomical examination of the 

 arth is inconceivable for men, and he is compelled by 

 the nature of things to resort to other expedients to 

 forward his researches. 



The first of these expedients is analogy, for the appli- 

 cation of which we naturally turn to the globe of the 

 earth. Astronomy and the physical geography based 

 upon it, show that the sun and the planetary system 

 surrounding it move through space in one direction, and 

 as though in one plane. When we turn our attention 

 to the internal and external planets we see that the for- 

 mer are visible from the earth ' always to the East and 

 West, the latter to the South, South-East and South- 

 West. 



If we take the position of the planets on the map the 

 field of movement appears in the form of a widespread 

 funnel or watering - rose of flattened conformation. In 

 the. centre of this circle is the sun and along its radii 

 towards the circumference are the planets, the circumferance 

 being somewhat in advance, indicating that the planetary 

 world moves in advance of the sun, and not behind it. 



As every animal moves with its head foremost, and 

 as the earth moves before the sun with its southern not 

 its northern pole foremost, it is easy to conclude that the 

 southern pole is that organ of the earth which serves 

 the purpose of a head : in this respect the geographical 

 globe gives us a direct indication of the above view. 

 . Our earth, as we know, revolves round its sun in 

 -cosmic ether i. e. a fluid body - - and hence it follows 

 that we must seek our analogy in a liquid environment. 



The first which presents itself is naturally the fish, in 

 which we find that, with very few exceptions, the ani- 

 mals of this class have all a sharp triangular projection 

 in front of the head, and a fluke-like tail spreading in 

 all directions. Looking again at our geographical globe, 

 we see in the construction of the continents what we 

 observe in the construction of the fish. All the southern 

 extremities of the southern hemisphere take a sharply 



