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parts of S. W. Russia, maintaining all the while the bond 

 between these settlers and the fatherland. Conquest of 

 this sort is the most effectual form of conquest, as Russia 

 has proved by experience in Central Asia. The Russian 

 conquests in this region are firmly established not by 

 force of arms but by the manner in which the moozhik 

 has established himself there as though at home, finding 

 some little corner for himself here and there and build- 

 ing in such spot his house. This civil conquest is far 

 more lasting than any fruits of military invasion can hope 

 to prove. The myrmidons of the army after their work is 

 done return whence they came, but the emigrant settlers 

 remain; the peasant family strikes its roots into new soil 

 and grows there like a rooted tree, shadowing and de- 

 fending the land. 



We can say much the same of Germans in Turkey, 

 where the enterprising Teuton has not only occupied 

 lands but has possessed himself of the roads leading to 

 the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf. It is already 

 quite evident in the apparently approaching division of 

 the Turkish Empire the lion's share must fall to this 

 pioneer race. 



According to one authority even in Japan the Ame- 

 rican system of education is being supplanted by the 

 German, so high stands the reputation of this country as 

 a technical centre and civilizing force. Such a remark- 

 able and hopeful change in the national drift can 

 only be due to that highly educated and intellectual 

 monarch William II, and to all the active scientific com- 

 mittees established under his wise and far-seeing patro- 

 nage. 



Having now looked at the historical aspect of existent 

 and already perished states, and having considered this 

 view of their life in connection with the natural claims 

 of our mother earth, I pass to the question of the future 

 evolution and culture of the human race. 



And I would say that at the root of all scholastic 

 learning must lie, beside the knowledge of the child's 



