Functions of the Cerebrum. 655 



sions, and seldom think of its intimate nature or antecedent cause. If 

 we should trace these we should find its intimate nature to be the molec- 

 ular activity of certain cells, and its antecedent cause whatever form of 

 force stimulates these. And we are at liberty to affirm that the cat, in 

 Dr. Ferrier's experiment, was as truly in a rage under the influence of 

 a galvanic stimulus, as when in a state of consciousness it gave vent to 

 the same "expressions" upon the too near approach of a dog. Since 

 different objects and combinations of stimuli will produce rage in a cat, 

 it must be that there are various patches, presumably in different parts 

 of the cortex, the stimulation of which will produce rage and its motor 

 expressions, seen in the glaring eyes, erected fur, spitting, and elevated 

 spine. Experiments many times repeated, and compared with those of 

 Munk, Ecker, and others, led Ferrier to adopt the conclusions in regard 

 to cats which are shown in fig. 356. On comparison it will be seen that 

 there is little or no disagreement between this and fig. 355. 



Fio. 367. 



FIG. 356. 



FIG. 356-Left Side view Brain of Cat. 

 FIG. 367. Top view Brain of Cat. 

 I. First external convolution. 

 II. Second ' 



}II. Third or supra sylvian conyolution. 

 V. Fourth or sylvian convolution. 



A. Fissure of sylvius. 



B. Crucial sulcus. 15 on theuncinate gyrus. 



C. Cerebellum. 



O. Cut end of the olfactory tract. [ forward. 



1. Governs motor action of hind let? in moving 



4. " opposite fore leg in 



retraction and adduction,rapid,as if striking a ball. 



5. Elevation of shoulder, with flexion of fore- 

 arm and paw. 



a, Protrusion of claws and clutching and grasping with paw. 



7. Motion of mouth and cheek, with closure of eye. 



8. Elevation of angle of mouth. Ear drawn down and forward. 



9. Motion of mouth and tongue; exhibition of rage spitting and lashing tail. 



13. Eyeballs move to opposite sid<\ also motion of head. 



14." Pricking up " of ear, sometimes head and eyes move to opposite side. 



15. Elevation of hp, and torsion of nostril on same side. 



16. Divergence of lips in opening mouth. 



From some of the earlier experiments on Dogs the following results 

 were obtained. " When the electrodes were applied at point 9, fig. 358, 

 the tail was moved from side to side and ultimately became rigidly 

 erect." Within the circle 10 the application " elicited only cries as if 

 of pain." At point 14 a continued application gave rise to the follow- 

 ing remarkable series of actions: " It began with wagging of the tail 



