THE DIPPER. 231 



other countries, and some of which are so gorgeously 

 coloured. Our species does not possess the splendid 

 plumage, but is yet a pretty bird, with its dark-brown 

 back and white and chestnut breast. It is to be found 

 in most parts of England, but, on account of its soli- 

 tary and retiring habits, is not so often seen as might 

 be supposed by reason of its frequency. 



It has more than one popular name, being in some 

 places called by the appropriate title of the water ouzel, 

 in consequence of its relationship to the thrush family ; 

 and in others by the less appropriate name of the 

 water crow. 



The word ' ' dipper " very well expresses the move- 

 ments of the bird. It could hardly be called a diver, 

 because diving infers the power of swimming through 

 the water, while the Dipper possesses this power in a 

 very limited degree, and, as far as is known, only uses 

 it- to descend to the bed of the stream. 



The generic name of Hydrobates refers to the same 

 characteristic. It is composed of two Greek words, 

 and literally signifies <f water- walker." As for the 

 specific name, cindus, it is by no means appropriate, 

 for it signifies vibration, and was, in all probability, 

 applied by Aristotle and other Greek writers to the 

 wagtail. 



The ordinary manner in which the Dipper enters the 

 water is by walking into it, clinging with its large feet 

 to the stones or other objects in the bed of the stream, 

 and searching on all sides for its prey. It does not 

 remain under water for any long time, but comes to 

 the surface, swims to the shore, and is ready for 

 another dip. Sometimes it picks up the caddis- 



