32 TRUCK-FARMISTG AT THE SOUTH. 



A cow, fed upon twenty-four pounds of hay and twelve 

 and a half pounds of Irish potatoes, voided daily about 

 one bushel of solid excrement, containing two and a half 

 pounds of salts of ammonia, potash, soda and lime. 



The annual product of a cow is thirty-one thousand 

 and twenty-five pounds of dung, of which four thousand 

 eight hundred pounds is organic matter, containing: 



189 Ibs. ammonia, 

 71 Ibs. phosphate of lime, 

 37 Ibs. sulphate of lime, 

 77 Ibs. carbonate of lime, 

 24 Ibs. common salt, 

 15 Ibs. sulphate potash. 



The yard manure of a full-groAvn ox is considered 

 equal to that of a horse and a half, or ten to fifteen sheep. 



One cord fresh cow dung weighs 9,298 Ibs. 



One cubic foot of old, well-rotted ox manure weighs. .. 58 " 

 " " " " fresh " " " ... 48 " 



" " " " well-rotted stable manure " ... 39 " 

 < fresh " " ... 30 "* 



The amount of urine voided annually by a cow is 

 from twelve thousand to fifteen thousand gallons. 

 In every hundred pounds : 



Of cattle urine are 4.00 Ibs. of urea. 



" horse urine 0.70 " " " 



" human urine 2 36 " " " 



" sheep urine 2-80 " " " 



" hog urine 5.64 " " "f 



The composition of urea is, according to Dr. Prout, 

 carbon, 19.99; oxygen, 26.66; hydrogen, 6.66; nitrogen, 

 46. 66. The nitrogen is equal to 56. 66 parts of ammonia. 

 Owing to the non-heating character of cow manure, it is 

 well adapted to sandy land; and in consequence of the 

 smaller quantity of vegetable matter to undergo fermen- 

 tation, it has not the physically beneficial effects upon 

 heavy lands. The value of cow-penning land and its 

 permanent effects (sometimes noticeable for twenty or 



* Dana's Muck Manual, 

 t Dana's Muck Manual. 



