no Introduction to Life of the Lakes. 



there is danger of giving the impression of a 

 continued record of stupendous violence. To 

 correct this wrong impression, one needs to 

 think of the great length of time over which 

 these records of changes stretch, as extending 

 over millions of years, and of very many of 

 these changes themselves as scarcely attract- 

 ing attention while occurring. Its measure of 

 results was the growth of long ages, if not 

 eons. That there were times of great and 

 sudden violence there can be no doubt; but 

 these were of short duration when compared 

 with the long ages of quiet growth for plant 

 and animal that intervened. 



The reader will find Plate VII engraved 

 from a photograph of real fragments of the 

 bones and teeth of different animals all gath- 

 ered from the mud of this lower lake. A 

 curious fact in regard to these ought to be 

 added here, that the teeth figured on this plate 

 are all changed to agate and the cavities of 

 these bones and teeth are often filled with 

 crystallized quartz. In Oregon the term Mio- 

 cene will always apply to the rocks and fossils 



