Life of Upper Lake Region. H7 



bed of the lake that once occupied the whole, 

 of this depression. It is the blowing out of 

 this sediment which exposes the fossils buried 

 in the depths of the old lake. Here we staked 

 our horses and went to work. We found 

 many fragments of elephant bones, a fine col- 

 lection of bird bones, the bones of a large 

 horse, a large camel, and the remains of a 

 smaller animal of the camel family, the Auche- 

 nia shown on Plate XXVII, which Professor 

 Cope named in honor of Governor Whiteaker, 

 Auchenia Vitakeri. 



Judging from the uniformity of its sur- 

 roundings one is found unavoidably thinking 

 of an extensive lake sediment, of which this 

 fossil lake is only a very small portion. The 

 original Pliocene lake probably included Sil- 

 ver lake and Klamath marsh with its sur- 

 roundings, and perhaps Summer lake and an 

 extension eastward over the present Harney 

 and Malheur lake regions. These waters were 

 lowered to their present level by evaporation 

 in excess of inflow. The mineral left behind 

 accumulated in the process until it covered 



