Life of Surface Deposits. 153 



Its remains are rare in Oregon. The toe 

 bones shown on Plate XXVIII (i and 3) are 

 from the banks of the Yamhill river, proving 

 that Mylodon lived in Oregon on the shores 

 of Willamette sound in the Pleistocene age. 

 They were more abundant further south, es- 

 pecially in South America. 



BOS LATIFRONS. 



The precursor of the buffalo in Oregon 

 was this Broad-faced Ox. His horns were 

 longer and stouter and his bony forehead was 

 wider than that of the buffalo, measuring 

 nineteen inches across the line of the eyes. 

 His brain cavity was very small, scarcely as 

 large as that of a three months calf of to-day. 

 His skull was not only very wide but un- 

 usually thick, being two and a half inches 

 thick in mid forehead. The front of this skull 

 is figured on Plate XXIX. This one was 

 found five or six miles east of The Dalles. 



THE MASTODON. 



The Mastodon and the Mammoth are 

 both abundant fossils in Oregon. In some 



