The Development Theory. 197 



on the east to Portland again. It is an old 

 sea bed. Throughout its extent its fossil re- 

 mains are well marked and definitely fix the 

 time in which its sea shells, its star fishes and 

 its sharks lived at home in its waters. The 

 materials of sand and mud out of which these 

 sand stones and shales were made were 

 brought here from higher lands, so that at the 

 very foundation of our mountain base we find 

 ourselves looking back to an earlier period for 

 a part of the agencies that make up the his- 

 tory of our mountain mass. Such, in brief, 

 is the natural history of this mountain west of 

 Portland. 



Now, if we say, as we have an undoubted 

 right to say, "God created this mountain," I 

 am compelled by the facts of the case to define 

 created, as developed through a long contin- 

 ued series of changes in which heat and frost, 

 sea and land, stream and flood and tide, all 

 did their share. 



We reach a like conclusion if the object of 

 our study be the natural history of some river 

 channel. Look, for illustration, at our own 



