FEEDING OF ANIMALS. 277 



mineral matter, with the rise or fall in that of the nitrogenous 

 compounds. 



Comparing the composition of the different carcasses, it is Composi- 

 seen that there was, in every instance excepting that of the Masses. 

 calf, a considerably higher percentage of fat than of total 

 nitrogenous substance. 



In the carcass of even the store or lean sheep, there was 

 more than one and a half time as much fat as nitrogenous 

 substance ; and in that of the store or lean pig there was 

 twice as much. In the carcass of the half-fat ox there was 

 one-fourth more fat than nitrogenus matter ; and in that of 

 the half-fat old sheep there was more than twice as much. 



Of the fatter animals, those assumed to be in a suitable 

 condition for sale as human food, the carcass of the fat ox 

 contained twice and one-third as much, that of the fat sheep 

 four times, and that of the very fat sheep even six times, as 

 much fat as nitrogenous substance. Lastly, in the carcass of 

 the moderately fat pig, there was nearly five times as much 

 fat as nitrogenous compounds. 



Turning now to the second division of the Table (68), which Composi- 

 shows the composition of the collective offal parts (excluding t ^if 

 contents of stomachs and intestines), the figures do not show 

 such a uniform tendency to a diminution in the percentage of 

 mineral matter coincidently with that of the nitrogenous sub- 

 stance as the animal matures, as was observed in the case of 

 the carcasses. This, however, is doubtless due to the fact 

 that the ash of the offal parts includes adventitious matter 

 adhering to the pelt, hair, or wool, which it was impossible 

 entirely to remove. 



It is seen that the percentage of nitrogenous substance is 

 in every case but one greater, and that of the fat very much 

 less, in the collective offal than in the collective carcass parts. 

 In the case of oxen and sheep, a large amount of the nitro- 

 genous substance of the offal is in the non-consumable por- 

 tions — the pelt, hair or wool, and hoofs ; whilst some of the 

 remainder is in the stomachs and intestines, which are only 

 very partially consumed, and the rest in other parts which 

 are more generally consumed, namely, the head flesh, with 

 tongue and brains, the heart, the liver, the pancreas, the spleen, 

 the diaphragm, and sometimes the lungs. 



Lastly in regard to the composition of the collective offal 

 parts, it is seen that they contain a higher percentage of nitro- 

 genous substance, a lower percentage of fat, and a lower per- 

 centage of total dry substance, and consequently a larger 

 proportion of water, than the collective carcass parts. 



It is obviously a matter of interest, both from a dietetic 

 point of view, and as showing what proportion of the gross 



