FEEDING OF ANIMALS. 293 



food was 6.6, and in experiment 5, with barley-meal, it was 

 6.0 ; or, in both cases, nearly that which is recognised as 

 appropriate in the fattening food of the animal, but rather low 

 in nitrogenous substance. 



Accordingly, the calculations show much less nitrogenous 

 substance consumed for the production of 100 increase in 

 live-weight, and much less left available for fat formation, 

 after deducting the amount estimated to be stored up in the 

 increase. Then, as to the fat, the animals were undoubtedly 

 much fatter than the analysed "fat" pig. Deducting the 

 amounts of fat supplied in the food from that in the increase, 

 there remained, in the one case 52.7, and in the other 58.8 

 parts, formed within the body, requiring in the first case 40.6, 

 and in the second 45.3 of carbon ; whilst the amounts of 

 carbon estimated to be available from the nitrogenous sub- 

 stance of the food were only 24.7 and 27.4 parts; leaving, 

 in the one case 15.9, and in the other 17.9 parts, to be 

 provided from other constituents of the food. Or, if the 

 calculations are made for 100 carbon in the estimated newly- 

 formed fat, the figures show that, in one case 39.2, and in 

 the other 39.5 per cent, of the total carbon of the produced 

 fat must have been derived from other constituents of the 

 food. 



In other words, even on this mode of calculation, nearly 40 40 percent 

 per cent of the newly-formed fat must have had its source f at derwe ^ 



i iiT ttt- tit n i ili jTOTYb CO/TOO* 



in the carbohydrates. We shall see further on, that even a hydrates. 

 considerably larger proportion still must in reality have been 

 so derived. 



The peculiarity of the experiments 6, 7, 8, and 9 was, that 

 the food contained less ready-formed fat than in any of the 

 other cases, and that a large proportion of the non-nitrogenous 

 substance supplied was in the form either of pure starch, pure 

 sugar, or both. In experiments 6, 7, and 8, a fixed quantity 

 of lentil-meal and bran, averaging 3 lb. 3 oz. of lentil-meal, 

 and 9 oz. of bran, was given per head per day ; and, in addi- 

 tion, in experiment 6 sugar ad libitum, in experiment 7 starch 

 ad libitum, and in experiment 8 sugar and starch, each sepa- 

 rately, ad libitum. Lastly, in experiment 9, lentil-meal, bran, 

 sugar, and starch, were each given separately, and ad libitum. 

 It will be seen that the proportion of crude non-nitrogenous 

 to 1 of crude nitrogenous substance was 4.1 in experiments 

 6 and 7, 4.7 in experiment 8, and only 3.9 in experiment 9 ; 

 that is, the food contained a higher proportion of non-nitro- 

 genous substance than in experiments 1, 2, and 3, but con- 

 siderably lower than in experiments 4 and 5. Accordingly 

 the final result of the calculations is intermediate between 

 that for the other two series. 



